prepare的用法

　　prepare

　　[英][pr?'pe?(r)][美][pr??p?r]

　　vt.準備; 預(yù)備(飯菜); 配備; 使(自己)有準備;

　　vt.& vi.籌備，進行各項準備工作; 做好思想準備; 作出，制訂; 鍛煉(身體等)，訓(xùn)練;

　　一、prepare用作及物動詞時：

　　1. prepare sth.表示"準備......"，后接名詞或代詞作賓語。

　　Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office.我進辦公室時，我們的英語老師在備課。

　　當賓語是食物之類的東西時，可譯為"制;做"。

　　Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen while Father was watching TV.媽媽在做飯，而爸爸在看電視。

　　2. prepare sb. sth.表示"給......準備......"，也可轉(zhuǎn)換為prepare sth. for sb.。

　　She prepared us a nice breakfast.(= She prepared a nice breakfast for us.) 她給我們準備了可口的早餐。

　　3. prepare sb. for sth.表示"使某人對某事有所準備"。

　　She said so because she wanted to prepare her father for the bad news.她這樣說是因為她想使爸爸對那個壞消息有所準備。

　　4. prepare to do sth.表示"準備做......"。

　　They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他們正準備過河，突然下雨了。

　　二、prepare用作不及物動詞時：

　　prepare for sth.表示"為......做準備"。

　　The students are busy preparing for the final exam.學(xué)生們正在準備期末考試。

　　三、

　　prepare的名詞形式為preparation，它可以和介詞in一起構(gòu)成in preparation for短語;也可和動詞make一起構(gòu)成make preparations for短語，表示"為......做準備"。

　　We are getting things together in preparation for the journey.我們正在收拾東西準備旅行。

　　They have made preparations for what will happen.他們已為將要發(fā)生的事情做了準備。

　　四、

　　prepare是一動詞,意為"準備"。其用法相當靈活,現(xiàn)歸納如下:

　　1. prepare sth.是"準備……",賓語是所準備的內(nèi)容。如:

　　Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen. 媽媽在廚房準備飯菜。

　　He had a speech to prepare that evening.那天晚上他得準備一個報告。

　　2. prepare to do sth. 準備做某事,如:

　　Taking out a piece of paper, he prepared to write to his parents. 他拿出紙,準備給父母寫信。

　　He is preparing to go on a trip. 他正準備去旅行。

　　3. prepare for sth.是"為……做準備",for是準備的目的。如:

　　He is busy preparing with great care for the Congress.他們正忙著精心準備這次代表大會。

　　Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.抱最好的希望,做最壞的準備。

　　4. prepare sth. for... 為……準備某物,如:

　　Please prepare the table for the dinner. 請擺好桌子吃飯。

　　You must prepare a room for the guest. 你必須為客人準備一個房間。

　　Mr Smith is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow. 史密斯先生正在為明天會上的講話做準備。

　　5. prepare sb. for sth.使某人對……進行準備,如:

　　We have to prepare the students for that work step by step. 我們要為學(xué)生進行這項工作一步步做好準備。

　　The doctors and nurses are preparing the patient for the operation.醫(yī)生和護士們在使病人為做手術(shù)而進行準備。

　　He prepared himself for defeat. 他使自己對失敗作好準備。

　　6. prepare sb. to do sth. 使某人準備做某事,如:

　　They prepared themselves to accept the defeat.他們準備好接受失敗的結(jié)果。

　　Father is preparing my little brother to go to school.父親為我小弟弟上學(xué)做準備。

　　7. be prepared for sth.=get ready for sth.為……做好了準備,強調(diào)狀態(tài)。如:

　　They were prepared for the worst. 他們已準備好了應(yīng)付最壞的情況。

　　He was not prepared for the question. 對這個問題,他沒有做好思想準備。

　　8. be (well) prepared to do sth. 準備、打算做某事,如:

　　We are prepared to supply the goods you asked for.我們準備好供應(yīng)你要的貨物。

　　I'm not prepared to listen to your weak excuses. 我不想聽你那站不住腳的借口。

　　9. be prepared against sth. 對……做好準備,against有"與……作斗爭"、"抵御"之意。如:

　　We're fully prepared against any aggression. 我們對任何侵略都做好了充分的準備。

　　Be prepared against war, be prepared against natural disasters and do everything for the people.備戰(zhàn),備荒,為人民。

　　prepare的名詞是preparation,常用復(fù)數(shù),表示"具體的準備工作"。如:

　　The preparations for the party took hours.聚會的準備工作花了幾個小時。

　　可以用于以下一些短語:

　　make preparations for 為……做準備,如:

　　She is making preparations for her marriage.她正在為自己的婚事做準備。

　　make preparations against sth.為對付/防止……做準備,如:

　　We must make preparations against natural disasters. 我們必須為防止自然災(zāi)害做準備。

　　in preparation for 為……做準備,如:

　　We're getting things together in preparation for the journey.我們正在收拾東西準備旅行。

　　He is training in preparation for the next football match.他在訓(xùn)練準備下一輪足球賽。

　　另外,prepare還有"配制、調(diào)制(點心、藥、菜等)"之意。如:

　　He is preparing a medicine. 他正在配藥。