手洗盤子VS使用洗碗機(jī)

When it comes to hand-washing dishes versus using a dishwasher, some might argue that it comes down to personal preference. A 2015 poll conducted by home improvement resource, Houzz, surveyed participants from eight different countries about their preferred dishwashing method. Results indicated that 67% of Americans are dishwasher fans — a statistic that was predominately echoed among the seven other countries as well. However, across each of the eight countries, 30-40% of individuals still favor washing dishes by hand.

說起用手洗盤子和使用洗碗機(jī)時(shí)，有些人可能會(huì)爭(zhēng)辯說這歸結(jié)于個(gè)人偏好。Houzz家裝資源公司2015年開展的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查，對(duì)來自八個(gè)不同國(guó)家的參與者進(jìn)行了關(guān)于他們首選洗碗方法的調(diào)查。結(jié)果表明，67%的美國(guó)人是洗碗機(jī)愛好者——這一統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)在其他七個(gè)國(guó)家中也得到了廣泛的認(rèn)同。然而，在這八個(gè)國(guó)家中，仍有30-40%的人喜歡用手洗碗。

Associate Professor Barbara Mullan from Curtin University's school of psychology told 720 ABC Perth just how dirty our used dishes can get, stating, "Ultimately if you leave dirty dishes around and there are people in the house, and possibly animals, they are likely to spread bacteria around. Bacteria will stay alive on surfaces, even clean surfaces, for up to four days. So on dishes that have contamination like food particles, bacteria can stay alive for a very long time."

科廷大學(xué)心理學(xué)學(xué)院的副教授芭芭拉·穆蘭在接受珀斯ABC電視臺(tái)的720臺(tái)采訪時(shí)，講述了我們用過的盤子有多臟，她說:“最終，如果你把臟盤子放在家里，而且屋里有人，可能還有動(dòng)物，它們很可能會(huì)傳播細(xì)菌。”細(xì)菌可以在表面上存活，即使是干凈的表面，也可以存活長(zhǎng)達(dá)四天。所以在有食物顆粒等污染的盤子上，細(xì)菌可以存活很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。”

So when it comes to getting rid of all that bacteria, is an overnight dishwasher cycle more effective, or is a little elbow grease more likely to do the trick?

所以說到去除所有的細(xì)菌，是在洗碗機(jī)里洗一個(gè)晚上更有效，還是稍微花點(diǎn)力氣更有可能做到這一點(diǎn)?

A higher water temperature gets dishes cleaner

水溫越高，盤子越干凈

As it turns out, dishwashers are no less susceptible to bacterial contamination than our plates and forks are. Research has shown that 100% of dishwasher appliances contain bacteria, primarily around the rubber seal (via Columbia Daily Tribune). A 2018 study published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology examined 24 different dishwasher machines and found the presence of a variety of bacteria and fungus. While the microbes detected were classified as "opportunistic pathogens" — meaning essentially harmless to most healthy adults — infections from such pathogens are possible in those who are immuno-compromised (via HealthDay).

事實(shí)證明，洗碗機(jī)和我們的盤子和叉子一樣容易受到細(xì)菌污染。研究表明，100%的洗碗機(jī)器具都含有細(xì)菌，主要是在橡膠密封圈周圍(哥倫比亞日?qǐng)?bào))。2018年發(fā)表在《應(yīng)用與環(huán)境微生物學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)研究檢查了24種不同的洗碗機(jī)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了各種細(xì)菌和真菌的存在。雖然檢測(cè)到的微生物被歸類為“條件致病菌”——這意味著對(duì)大多數(shù)健康的成年人基本上無害——但那些免疫功能低下的人可能會(huì)受到這種病原體的感染。

Even with the presence of germs in dishwasher appliances, however, dishwashers still rank as healthier than the standard hand-washing approach. One reason is that the water temperature of a dishwasher is higher than that of what we typically use when hand-washing dishes — and it's those high temperatures keeping our dishes so squeaky clean. The Washington Post reports that dishwasher cycles can use water temperatures between 140 to 145 degrees, temperatures that would be scalding to human hands.

然而，即使洗碗機(jī)設(shè)備中存在細(xì)菌，洗碗機(jī)仍然比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的洗手方法更健康。一個(gè)原因是，洗碗機(jī)的水溫比我們通常用手洗盤子時(shí)的水溫要高——正是這些高溫使我們的盤子干凈得吱吱作響。《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，洗碗機(jī)循環(huán)使用的水溫在140到145度之間，這個(gè)溫度會(huì)把人的手燙傷。

Not to mention, your trusty sponge is prime real estate to microbes and other germs. "It has a lot of nooks and crannies, so as you clean up a mess with potential pathogens in it, some of the organisms become lodged in between the sponge," Dr. Philip Tierno tells HuffPost. However, when it comes to hand-washing dishes, thoroughly sanitizing your sponge may help.

更不用說，你信賴的海綿是微生物和其他細(xì)菌的主要領(lǐng)地。菲利普·蒂爾諾博士告訴《赫芬頓郵報(bào)》:“海綿有很多角落和縫隙，所以當(dāng)你清理海綿中潛在病原體的混亂時(shí)，一些生物體會(huì)卡在海綿之間。”然而，當(dāng)你要用手洗碗的時(shí)候，徹底消毒你的海綿可能會(huì)有幫助。