2017年6月必備!六級(jí)最全翻譯專項(xiàng)匯總(四)

16.風(fēng)水(Feng shui)是中國(guó)建筑中的一個(gè)特殊傳統(tǒng)，是古人對(duì)空間的布置與安排方法，其目的是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)建筑與環(huán)境的和諧共存。風(fēng)水的字面意思就是“風(fēng)和水”。在古代，風(fēng)水通常將從選址、設(shè)計(jì)、建筑直到內(nèi)部和外部裝修的整個(gè)過(guò)程聯(lián)系在一起。它將天、地、人三者融為一體，并且在所選的地址、方位、自然法則以及人類命運(yùn)之間尋求和諧。它反對(duì)人對(duì)自然的破壞，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)人與環(huán)境的共處，這種狀態(tài)被認(rèn)為是完美、神秘的。

參考答案：

Feng shui, a special Chinese traditional in architecture, is the ancient Chinese practice of placementand arrangement of space to achieve coexistence in harmony with the environment. Feng shuiliterally translates as “wind-water”. Feng shui usually links the whole process from site selection,designing, construction and interior and exterior decoration in ancient times. It combines the trinityof the heaven, earth, and humans, and seeks harmony between selected site, orientation, naturedoctrine and human fate. It repulses human destruction of nature and stresses cohabitation withthe environment, which is regarded as perfect and occult.

17.舞龍(Dragon dance)是中國(guó)文化中一種傳統(tǒng)的舞蹈與表演形式。它起源于漢朝并且由信仰并尊敬龍的中國(guó)人所開(kāi)創(chuàng)。人們認(rèn)為舞龍一開(kāi)始是農(nóng)耕文化的組成部分，起初也是治病和防病的一種方法。舞龍?jiān)谒纬?Song Dynasty)就已經(jīng)成為一項(xiàng)流行的活動(dòng)。舞龍是中國(guó)文化和傳統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，已經(jīng)傳遍了中國(guó)乃至全世界，而且已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)體育活動(dòng)中的一種特殊的藝術(shù)表演。它象征著在來(lái)年為世界上所有的人帶來(lái)好運(yùn)和興旺。

參考答案：

Dragon dance is a form of traditional dance and performance in Chinese culture. It originatedduring the Han Dynasty and was started by the Chinese who has shown great belief and respecttowards the dragon. It is believed to have begun as part of the farming and harvest culture, alsowith origins as a method of healing and preventing sickness. Dragon dance was already a popularevent during the Song Dynasty. Dragon dance is an important part of the Chinese culture andtradition. It has spread throughout China and to the whole world and become a specialperformance of arts in the Chinese physical activities. It symbolizes good luck and prosperity in theyear to come for all the human beings on earth.

18.中國(guó)結(jié)(The Chinese Knot)是一種古老的藝術(shù)形式。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，繩結(jié)可以追溯到10萬(wàn)年前。中國(guó)人不僅用繩結(jié)來(lái)固定、包裹、狩獵、捕魚，還用來(lái)記錄事件，而且有些繩結(jié)純粹起裝飾作用。中國(guó)結(jié)具有文化內(nèi)涵(culture connotation)。由于結(jié)在漢語(yǔ)中的發(fā)音與“吉”相近，吉的意思為“福、祿、壽、喜、財(cái)、安、康”，這是中國(guó)人永恒的追求，因此有些中國(guó)結(jié)表達(dá)出人們的各種愿望。例如：新婚夫婦的房間通常用一個(gè)盤長(zhǎng)結(jié)(Pan-chang Knot)來(lái)裝飾，象征著永恒的愛(ài)情。

參考答案：

The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and the artifacts could date back to 100 000 years ago.Chinese people used knots for more than just fastening, wrapping, hunting, and fishing. Knotswere also used to record events, and some knots had purely ornamental functions. The ChineseKnot has culture connotations. Since knot is pronounced as “Jie” in Chinese similar with the of “Ji”,which means blessing, good salary, longevity, fortune, safety and health and is the everlastingpursuit of Chinese people, some Chinese Knots express people’s various hopes. For example, theroom of newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-long Knot to symbolize eternal love.

19.現(xiàn)代中國(guó)人的姓名通常由姓(家庭姓氏)和名(個(gè)人所起的名字)組成，并且姓在前，名在后。因此，王小平被稱為王先生，個(gè)人的名字為小平。但是，在中國(guó)古代，起名字非常復(fù)雜。一個(gè)人通常有好幾個(gè)名字，包括姓、氏、名、字，每一個(gè)都表達(dá)不同的意思。姓和氏演變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在的姓，名和字則演變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在的名?，F(xiàn)在人們通常用姓氏來(lái)指一個(gè)人的姓，用名字來(lái)指一個(gè)人所起的名。對(duì)中國(guó)古代文獻(xiàn)的研究表明，“姓”最初指不同的母系部落(matriarchal tribes)的名字，和人們的居住地也有某些關(guān)系。研究表明，“姓”出現(xiàn)于母系社會(huì)時(shí)期，大約四千至五千年之前。

參考答案：

A modern Chinese usually has a surname (family name) or xing and a given name (first name), orming (or mingzi), always in that order. Thus Wang Xiaoping is Mr. Wang with the personal nameXiaoping. In ancient China, however, naming was very complicated and one person usually hadseveral names, including xing, shi, ming, and zi. Each of these four words meant a different thing.Xing and shi together formed today’s surname, and ming and zi today’s given name. Nowadays,people use xingshi to refer to a person’s surname, mingzi to refer to one’s give name. Study ofancient Chinese documents shows that xing originally referred to the names of different matriarchaltribes. It also had something to do with the place where people live. Researches show that xingcame into being during the matrilineal society period, around four or five thousand years ago.

20.乒乓球是一項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)耐力和反應(yīng)能力(reflexes)的運(yùn)動(dòng)，盡管乒乓球本身比較小，運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度不大。不論男女老少都可以同臺(tái)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。由于是室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)，所以可以常年舉行比賽或進(jìn)行練習(xí)。自從乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)誕生以來(lái)，它已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了巨大的演變。比賽規(guī)則經(jīng)過(guò)多次的修改，并且隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和打球方式的改變，運(yùn)動(dòng)器材也發(fā)生了變化。這些改良(refinement)只是證明了乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)發(fā)展為一項(xiàng)非常完美的運(yùn)動(dòng)，可以與我們所崇尚(with reverence)的任何一種經(jīng)典運(yùn)動(dòng)相媲美。

Despite its small size and moderate intensity, ping-pong is a sport that emphasizes endurance andreflexes. People of all ages and genders can play it on an equal ground. The sport is played indoors,so year-round competition and practice are possible. Ping-pong has undergone enormousevolution since it came into being, with has experienced many revisions of rules and seen animprovement of equipment as technology and playing styles changed. Such refinement onlyserves as evidence that ping-pong is indeed a full-fledged sport, comparable to any of the otherclassics we behold with reverence.