請將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
儒家思想
儒家思想(Confucianism)是中國影響最大的思想流派,也是中國古代的主流意識。自漢代以來,儒家思想就是封建統(tǒng)治階級(feudal ruling class)的指導思想之一。儒家思想的核心其實是一種人道主義(humanism )。它提倡自我修養(yǎng),認為人是可教化的、可完善的。儒家思想的一個宏大的目標就是實現(xiàn)“大同社會”,在這樣的一個社會中,每個人都能扮演好自己的角色,并與他人維持良好的關系。
參考翻譯:
Confucianism
Confucianism is the largest Chinese school of thoughts, and the mainstream consciousness of the ancient China. Confucianism had been one of the ruling doctrines of the feudal ruling class since the Han Dynasty. The core of Confucianism is actually a kind of humanism. It advocates self- cultivation, and believes that human beings are teachable and improvable. A grand goal of Confucianism is to achieve a harmonious society in which each individual plays his or her part well, and maintains a good relationship with others.
1.思想流派:可譯為school of thoughts。
2.指導思想:可譯為ruling doctrine,也可直譯為guiding ideology。
3.自我修養(yǎng):應翻譯為self-cultivation。cultivate除了有“耕種;照料”之意,還可以表示“修養(yǎng),改善”。
4.可教化的、可完善的:都可以使用動詞加上“-able”這一形容詞后綴的構詞法,故分別為teachable和improvable。
5.大同社會:孔子所提出的“大同”的特征是:“大道之行也,天下為公。選賢與能,講信修睦…”從字面上也可看出,“大同”即為“和諧”之意, 故“大同社會”可譯為 harmonious society 或 perfect society。
6.每個人:除可譯為everybody、everyone以外,還可譯為each individual, 更加強調個體?!鞍缪莺媚橙说慕巧奔礊閜lay one's part/role well。