2017年6月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)：中國象棋

　　請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文：

　　中國象棋

　　中國象棋屬于二人對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)略性棋盤游戲，是最受歡迎的棋盤游戲之一。在中國古代，象棋被列為士大夫們的修身之藝，現(xiàn)在則被視為一種益智的活動(dòng)。象棋由兩人輪流走子，以“將死”對(duì)方的將(帥)為勝。象棋棋盤共有64格，中間的“河界”將之分為兩個(gè)“敵對(duì)”的部分。每人各有棋子16枚，包括1枚將、 2枚馬、2枚車(chariot)、2枚象(相)、2枚士、2枚炮和5枚卒(pawn )。 一般而言，執(zhí)紅色棋子的一方先走子。

　　參考翻譯:

　　Chinese Chess

　　Chinese chess, known as Xiangqi, is a strategy board game for two players. It is one of the mostpopular board games. In ancient China, Chinese chess used to be listed as a way for scholar-officials to cultivate their moral characters, while now it's regarded as a kind of activities to develop intelligence. The two players move by turn in the game with the objective of checkmating the opponent's general or king. The board itself has 64 squares and has a “river” in the middle that divides the board into two opposing parts. Each player has 16 pieces, including 1 general(king), 2 horses, 2 chariots, 2 elephants (bishops), 2 guards, 2 cannons and 5 pawns. Generally speaking, the player with the red pieces moves first.

　　1.戰(zhàn)略型棋盤游戲:可采取直譯法，將三個(gè)名詞并列翻譯，即strategy board game。

　　2.士大夫:指封建社會(huì)中的官僚階層，也指還沒做官的讀書人，所以可譯為 scholar-bureaucrat 或者 scholar-officials。

　　3.修身之藝:修身指提高自己的道德修養(yǎng)，可譯為cultivate one's moral character;按照文字語境，“藝”在這里指“方式”，可譯為way。

　　4.象棋由兩人輪流走子:如果采用直譯法，得需要采用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，譯為 Chinese chess is alternately played by two players.但后面的句子“以將死對(duì)方的將(帥)為勝”則需翻譯為Its objective is...故不如采用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，將兩句話翻譯為帶with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　5.以“將死”對(duì)方的將(帥)為勝:“將死”可譯為checkmate，不要望文生義翻譯為kill。