英語六級閱讀真題,不僅強化詞匯與句型理解,更提升閱讀速度與綜合分析能力。實戰(zhàn)演練,讓考生熟悉題型變化,掌握解題技巧,是沖刺六級高分不可或缺的寶貴資源。今天,小編將分享2019年6月大學(xué)英語六級閱讀真題以及答案(卷一)相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望能為大家提供幫助!
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a 26 , to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar 27 up.The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been 28 by clean-eating experts.
But now a 29 review and analysis of 30 studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found that pasta had been unfairly demonized (妖魔化) because it had been 30 in with other, more fat-promoting carbohydrates.
“The study found that pasta didn’t 31 to weight gain or increase in body fat,” said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. “In 32 the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an 33 effect on body weigh outcomes when it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern.” In fact, analysis actually showed a small weigh loss. So 34 to concerns, perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet.
Those involved in the 35 trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.
A) adverse
B) championed
C) clinical
D) contrary
E) contribute
F) intimate
G) lumped
H) magnified
I) minimum
J) radiating
K) ration
L) shooting
M) subscribe
N) systematic
O) weighing
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Best Retailers Combine Bricks and Clicks
A) Retail profits are falling sharply. Stores are closing. Malls are emptying. The depressing stories just keep coming. Reading the earnings announcements of large retail stores like Macy’s, Nordstorm, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour of an intensive care unit. The interact is apparently taking down yet another industry. Brick and mortar stores (實體店) seem to be going the way of the yellow pages. Sure enough, the Census Bureau just released data showing that online retail sales surged 15.2 percent between the first quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016.
B) But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you should consider. Looking only at that 15.2 percent "surge" would be misleading. It was an increase that was on a small base of 6.9 percent. Even when a tiny number grows by a large percentage terms, it is often still tiny.
C) More than 20 years after the internet was opened to commerce, the Census Bureau tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales in the first quarter of 2016. Their data show that only 0.8 percent of retail sales shifted from offline to online between the beginning of 2015 and 2016.
D) So, despite all the talk about drone (無人機) deliveries to your doorstep, all the retail executives expressing anxiety over consumers going online, and even a Presidential candidate exclaiming that Amazon has a "huge antitrust problem," the Census data suggest that physical retail is thriving. Of course, the closed stores, depressed executives, and sinking stocks suggest otherwise. What's the real story?
E) Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble. The retail industry is getting “reinvented,” as we describe in our new book. Matchmakers. It’s standing in the path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大風(fēng)) of creative destruction. That storm has been brewing for some time, and as it has reached gale force, most large retailers are searching for a response. As the CFO of Macy’s put it recently, “We’re frankly scratching our heads.”
F) But it’s not happening as experts predicted. In the peak of the dot. com bubble, brick and mortar retail was one of those industries the internet was going to kill—and quickly. The dot.corn bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years that followed, conventional retailers’ confidence in the future increased as Census continued to report weak online sales. And then the gale hit.
G) It is becoming increasingly clear that retail reinvention isn’t a simple battle to the death between bricks and clicks. It is about devising retail models that work for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of internet-connected tools to change how they search, shop, and buy. Creative retailers are using the new technologies to innovate just about everything stores do from managing inventory, to marketing, to getting paid.
H) More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple’s massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon’s small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. Not to mention the large number of creative new retailers, like Bonobos, that are blending online and offline experiences in creative ways.
I) Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and it’s also not happening on what used to be called "Internet Time." Some internet-driven changes have happened quickly, of course. Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ads and turned newspaper economics upside down. But many widely anticipated changes weren’t quick, and some haven’t really started. With the benefit of hindsight (后見之明), it looks like the interact will transform the economy at something like the pace of other great inventions like electricity. B2B commerce, for example, didn’t move mainly online by 2005 as many had predicted in 2000, nor even by 2016, but that doesn’t mean it won’t do so over the next few decades.
J) But the gale is still blowing. The sudden decline in foot traffic in recent years, even though it hasn’t been accompanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is a critical warning. People can shop more efficiently online and therefore don’t need to go to as many stores to find what they want. There’s a surplus of physical shopping space for the crowds, which is one reason why stores are downsizing and closing.
K) The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexity to the process of retail reinvention.Even five years ago most people faced a choice. Sit at your computer, probably at home or at the office, search and browse, and buy. Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy. Now, just about everyone has a smartphone, connected to the internet almost everywhere almost all the time. Even when a retailer gets a customer to walk in the store, she can easily see if there’s a better deal online or at another store nearby.
L) So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all this is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly rather than to Amazon and its smaller online rivals.Many are having the same problem that newspapers have. Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make enough money online to compensate for what they are losing offline.
M) A few seem to be making this work.Among large traditional retailers, Walmart recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, while Macy’s, Target, and Nordstrom’s dropped. Yet Walmart’s year-over-year online sales only grew 7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀嘆), “Growth here is too slow.”Part of the problem is that almost two decades after Amazon filed the one.click patent, the online retail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions.A recent study graded more than 600 internet retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and pay.Almost half of the sites didn’t get a passing grade and only 18 percent got an A or B.
N) The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Census data. Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail data are unreliable.Our deep 100k into those data and their preparation revealed serious problems.It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online sales.It is certain that the Census procedures, which lump the online sales of major traditional retailers like Walmart with“non-store retailers"1ike food trucks.can mask major changes in individual retail categories.The bureau could easily present their data in more useful ways.but they have chosen not to.
O) Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar won’t disappear any time soon.The big questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented themselves, which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping malls, and how the shopping and buying experience will have changed in each retail category.Investors shouldn’t write off brick and mortar.Whether they should bet on the traditional players who run those stores now is another matter
36.Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers, according to a recent survey.
37.Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional retailing to create new retail models.
38.Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail’s stocks has been dropping.
39.Innovative-driven changes in the retail industry didn’t take place as quickly as widely anticipated.
40. Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion’s share of the retail business.
41. Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.
42.Brick and mortar retailers’ faith in their business was strengthened when the dot com bubble burst.
43. Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional retailing will be here to stay for quite some time.
44. With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are likely to suffer the same fate as i the yellow pages.
45. The wide use of smartphones has made it more complex for traditional retailers to reinvent their business.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artifcial intelligence (AI) will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”, and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as “ crucial to the future of our civilisation and our species”.
Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence(LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studying history,” Hawking said, “which, let’s face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it’s a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence.”
While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring. “The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge,” he said. “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last one—industrialisation. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. And every aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short, success in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilisation.”
Huw Price, the centre’s academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that the centre came about partially as a result of the university’s Centre for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems for humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.
AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic wasn’t taken seriously, even among AI researchers. “AI is hugely exciting,” she said, “but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use.”
The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.
46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?
A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilisation.
B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.
C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities.
D) It would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.
47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?
A) It would accelerate the progress of AI research.
B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry.
C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.
D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.
48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?
A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future.
B) The shift of research from theory to implementation.
C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.
D) The increasing awareness of mankind’s past stupidity.
49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?
A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.
B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.
C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction.
D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.
50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?
A) They are much influenced by the academic community.
B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development.
C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics.
D) They believe they can keep AI under human control.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups (初創(chuàng)公司) want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country’s largest owner of retirement communities, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.
That’s what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup’s product, SentabTV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.
“It’s nothing new, it’s nothing too complicated and it’s natural because lots of people have TV remotes,”says Rodriguez.
But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents’ advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as learning to play mahjong (麻將).
Rodriguez says it’s important that residents here don’t feel like he’s selling them something. “I’ve had more feedback in a passive approach,”he says. “Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch,”all work better “than going through a survey of questions. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I’m not selling them something—there’ll be more honest feedback from them.”
Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale’s 1,100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind of full-body blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with disabilities to dress and undress themselves.
Mary Lou Busch, 93, agreed to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it might be good for someone, but not for her.
“I have the computer and FaceTime, which I talk with my family on,”she explains. She also has an iPad and a smartphone. “So I do pretty much everything I need to do.”
To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic (害怕技術(shù)的)seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California’s aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.
But Rodriguez says he's still learning something important by moving into this Brookdale community: “People are more tech-proficient than we thought.”
And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?
51. What does the passage say about the startups?
A) They never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.
B) They want to have a share of the seniors’ goods market.
C) They invite seniors to their companies to try their products.
D) They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.
52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to______.
A) have an interview with potential customers.
B) conduct a survey of retirement communities.
C) collect residents’ feedback on their products
D) show senior residents how to use IT products
53. What do we know about SentabTV?
A) It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.
B) It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.
C) It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.
D) It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.
54. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?
A) Winning trust from prospective customers.
B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.
C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.
D) Responding promptly to customer feedback.
55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?
A) Most of them are interested in using the Sentab.
B) They are quite at ease with high-tech products.
C) They have much in common with seniors elsewhere.
D) Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people.
26. I) minimum。 詳解:名詞辨析題??崭袂懊媸遣欢ü谠~a,冠詞之前是動詞短語 be kept to,因此空格處需要填入名詞單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)空格前的動詞短語 be kept to可知,空格中填入的名詞可能表示程度,再結(jié)合空格后的 to cut calories“減少熱量”,推斷該詞與“少量”之類的意義相關(guān),由此確定名詞I) minimum“最小值;最低限度”為本題答案。備選的其他名詞中,均與空格前的 be kept to 和空格后的 cut意義不相符合,均可排除。
27. L) shooting。 詳解:動詞辨析題??崭裎挥趧淤e結(jié)構(gòu) stop sb./ sth. doing之中,由此推斷空格處需要填入動詞- ing形式,并與副詞 up 搭配構(gòu)成賓語的補語。空格所在句的前半部分指出,營養(yǎng)學(xué)家一直建議盡可能少食用意大利面,以減少熱量,防止脂肪堆積,結(jié)合之后的副詞 up,可知此處的意思是要阻止血糖升高,動詞- ing 形式的選項中只有 shooting 可與 up搭配,表示“猛增”之意,由此確定答案為L)。另外兩個- ing形式的動詞選項均與此意義不符,因此均可排除。
28. B) championed。 詳解:動詞辨析題??崭裉幥懊媸侵鷦釉~ has been,后面有介詞 by 表示動作的發(fā)出者,因此需要填入動詞- ed形式。本段第一句提到,低碳水化合物飲食運動建議將意大利面等換成蔬菜和肉食,可知以蔬菜換意大利粉的趨勢是受到支持的,由此確定 B) championed“支持;擁護”為本題答案。
29. N) systematic。 詳解:形容詞辨析題。空格前為不定冠詞a,空格后為名詞短語 review and analysis,因此空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞或動詞分詞形式,作其后名詞的定語??崭袼诰渲赋觯幽么笱芯咳藛T對30項研究進行了綜述和分析,再由其后的名詞可以確定N) systematic“系統(tǒng)的”為本題答案。其余的形容詞或動詞分詞形式均不能與名詞 review 或 analysis搭配,故均排除。
30. G) lumped。 詳解:動詞辨析題??崭袂懊媸侵鷦釉~ had been,空格后是副詞 in 和介詞 with,因此推斷空格處應(yīng)填入動詞過去分詞作謂語,并與其后的 in with 構(gòu)成短語,而 G) lumped“混在一起”可與 in with 搭配構(gòu)成短語,表示“與……相混雜”,故為答案。另外一個過去分詞 magnified“放大;夸大”與空格所在句意義不符,故排除。
31. E) contribute。 詳解:動詞辨析題??崭裎挥谥鷦釉~ didn't之后,其后是介詞to,應(yīng)與其構(gòu)成謂語,后接賓語 weight gain。由前文可知,以往意大利面這類碳水化合物含量高的食品被誤當(dāng)成減肥的禁忌,而本段所分析的研究與此看法相反,認為意大利面不會導(dǎo)致體重增加,故E) contribute與介詞 to搭配,表示“導(dǎo)致”,故為答案。剩余的動詞原形選項 intimate、 ration 和 subscribe均與原文意義不符,故均排除。
32. O) weighing。 詳解:動詞辨析題??崭裎挥?in引導(dǎo)的介詞短語中,作介詞賓語,而空格后為名詞短語 the evidence,可知應(yīng)填入動名詞形式。前文提到,新研究是對過去的30項研究進行分析和綜述,可推想研究方法中不乏對證據(jù)的比較和權(quán)衡,故O) weighing“權(quán)衡”符合句意,故為答案。剩下的一個動詞-' ing 形式選項 radiating不符合句意,故排除。
33. A) adverse。 詳解:形容詞辨析題??崭袂懊媸遣欢ü谠~ an,后面為名詞 effect,可知空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞或動詞的分詞形式,且其發(fā)音以元音音素開頭,在符合條件的選項中, adverse“相反的;不利的”與 effect搭配,與上下文相符,表示適當(dāng)攝入意大利面不會對體重造成不利影響,故A)為答案。 intimate“親密的;私人的”與此處意思不符,故排除。
34. D) contrary。 詳解:形容詞辨析題。空格位于一個獨立結(jié)構(gòu)之中,其后是 to引導(dǎo)的介賓短語 to concerns,而句子的主干為簡單句,為判斷和說明性文字,指出意大利面可能是健康飲食的一部分,可知此處應(yīng)填入形容詞,再由前文所提及的,過去的觀點擔(dān)心意大利面會增加體重,可確定D) contrary“相反的;對立的“符合題意,表示與擔(dān)憂意大利面不健康的觀點相反。
35. C) clinical。 詳解:形容詞辨析題??崭袂笆嵌ü谠~ the,其后為名詞 trials“試驗”,可知空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞或動詞分詞形式。再根據(jù)后文介紹有關(guān)食用意大利面的試驗情況,可知本題答案為 C) clinical“臨床的”。
36.詳解:M)段最后兩句提到,一項最近的研究對600多家互聯(lián)網(wǎng)零售商進行了評分,而結(jié)果是幾乎一半的網(wǎng)站沒有達到及格的分數(shù),只有18%的網(wǎng)站獲得了A或B。可見消費者對這些零售商的反饋是不甚滿意的。題干中的 a recent survey 對應(yīng)原文中的a recent study,題干中的 nearly half 是對原文中 almost half的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,題干中的 fail to receive satisfactory feedback 是對本段最后一句的概括,故答案為M)。
37.詳解:文章G)段最后一句提到,創(chuàng)意零售商正利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)新技術(shù)來創(chuàng)新商店從管理庫存到營銷再到獲得報酬的每一件事。題干中的 integrate internet technologies 是對原文中 using the new technologies 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,題干中的 create new retail models 是對原文中 innovate just about everything stores do 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為G)。
38.詳解:D)段定位句提到,盡管統(tǒng)計局的數(shù)據(jù)顯示實體零售業(yè)正在蓬勃發(fā)展,但其股價卻下跌了。題干中的 the value of physical retail's stocks has been dropping 是對原文中 sinking stocks 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為 D)。
39.詳解:I)段定位句提到,許多普遍預(yù)期的變化并不迅速,有些還沒有真正開始。題干中的 didn't take place as quickly as widely anticipated 是對原文中 many widely anticipated changes weren't quick 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為I)。
40.詳解:C)段定位句提到,統(tǒng)計局告訴我們,2016年第一季度,實體店的銷售額占零售總額的92.3%。題干中的 brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's share of the retail business是對原文中 brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為 C)。
41.詳解:H)段定位句列舉了一些將線上銷售和線下服務(wù)相結(jié)合的創(chuàng)新模式,并指出這會讓傳統(tǒng)零售商徹夜難眠。題干中的 companies that successfully combine online and off line business models 是對原文中 more than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple's massively successful brick- and- mortar- and- glass retail stores and Amazon's small steps in the same direction 的概括歸納,題干中的 a big concern for traditional retailers是對原文中 keep old- fashioned retailers awake at night的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為H)。
42.詳解:F)段定位句提到,網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟的破產(chǎn)讓人們對大多數(shù)此類的預(yù)測不再確信,在隨后的幾年里,隨著統(tǒng)計局數(shù)據(jù)持續(xù)報告稱線上銷售疲軟,傳統(tǒng)零售商對未來的信心也隨之增強。題干中的 brick and mortar retailers' faith 是對原文中 conventional retailers' confidence 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,題干中的 the dot.com bubble burst是對原文中 the dot.com bust 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為F)。
43.詳解:O)段定位句提到,盡管混亂不堪,實體店并不會很快消失。題干中的 despite the tremendous challenges是對原文中 despite the turmoil的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,題干中的 stay for quite some time 是對原文中 won't disappear any time soon 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為O)。
44.詳解:A)段定位句提到,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)顯然正在摧毀另一個行業(yè)。實體店似乎正在走黃頁之路。題干中的 are likely to suffer the same fate as the yellow pages 是對原文中 seem to be going the way of the yellow pages的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為A)。
45.詳解:K)段定位句提到,手機的興起也給零售業(yè)的變革過程增加了新的復(fù)雜性。題干中的 the wide use of smartphones 是對原文中 the rise of the mobile phone的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,題干中的 made it more complex 是對原文中 added a new level of complexity 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,故答案為K)。
46. B)。詳解:由文章首段可知,霍金認為強大的人工智能的創(chuàng)建將是“人類有史以來發(fā)生的最好或最壞的事情”,也就是說,他認為人工智能的發(fā)展對人類而言福禍難料,故答案為B)。
47. C)。詳解:文章第二段第一句提到,霍金是在劍橋大學(xué)萊弗休姆未來智能中心(LCFI)的開幕式上發(fā)表的講話,而回溯至上一段結(jié)尾,霍金贊揚專門研究智能前景的學(xué)術(shù)機構(gòu)的創(chuàng)立是“對我們文明和我們物種的未來至關(guān)重要的”,這與C)項的表述意義相同,故答案為C)。
48. A)。詳解:由文章第二段最后兩句可知,霍金認為,以往的研究歷史,只是了解到人類過去的愚昧,而目前的研究是關(guān)注未來的,這個變化值得稱道,可以推知,他歡迎的是研究重心由過去轉(zhuǎn)為未來,故答案為A)。
49. D)。詳解:第三段第一句提到,霍金提及他的擔(dān)憂,即如果人類創(chuàng)造出一種擁有自身意愿的超級智能,那么人類很可能是在自取滅亡,可知這與D) 項表述一致,故答案為D)。
50. C)。詳解:最后一段最后一句指出,像著名企業(yè)家埃隆·馬斯克這樣來自科技工業(yè)的先驅(qū)者也表達了他們對超越人類智慧的人工智能可能對人類造成損害的擔(dān)憂,而上一句指出,學(xué)術(shù)界也有類似的憂慮,可知關(guān)于人工智能,企業(yè)界和學(xué)術(shù)界的擔(dān)憂是一致的,故答案為C)。
51. B)。詳解:定位句指出,老年人專用產(chǎn)品的市場產(chǎn)值高達300億美元,而初創(chuàng)公司的態(tài)度是 want in on the action(參與到其中),可知它們希望在老年人產(chǎn)品市場中分得一些份額,故答案為 B)。
52. C)。詳解:文章第一段第三句提到,布魯克代爾邀請了一些精英企業(yè)家來進駐幾天,展示他們的產(chǎn)品,并聽取居民的意見,可見這些企業(yè)家來社區(qū)的目的中包括聽取居民反饋這一項,故答案為C)。
53. D)。詳解:第二段第三句提到,森塔布電視讓不太習(xí)慣使用電腦的老年人只需使用電視機和遙控器就可以查收電子郵件、進行視頻聊天和訪問社交媒體,由此可知,這種電視其實并非用來觀看電視節(jié)目,而是一種通信系統(tǒng),能讓人們上網(wǎng)聯(lián)系,只是其媒介不是電腦,而是電視機,故答案為D)。
54. A)。詳解:第五段第一句指出,羅德里格斯說,重要的是這里的居民不覺得他是向他們賣東西。而該段最后一句說,當(dāng)他們了解并信任他,確信他不是在推銷東西的時候,就會給出更誠實的反饋,可知關(guān)鍵在于取得信任,故答案為A)。
55. B)。 詳解:第九段第一句提到了布魯克代爾社區(qū),而隨后一句對該社區(qū)進行具體介紹,指出這里位于南加州航空走廊的中心,許多居民都具有工程、商業(yè)和學(xué)術(shù)界的背景,而第一句說,如果想要一些更懼怕科技的老年人的反饋,到布魯克代爾社區(qū)可能就錯了,可見這些具有科技背景的老人對高科技產(chǎn)品很熟悉。第十段中又提到羅德里格斯說:“人們比我們想象的更精通技術(shù)?!本C合判斷可知答案為B)。
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