The long, wet summer here in the northeastern U.S. not withstanding, there's a world shortage of pure, fresh water. As demand for water hits the limits of finite supply, potential conflicts are brewing between nations that share transboundary freshwater reserves.
Many people ask why we cannot simply take it from the sea, using our sophisticated technology of desalinization but a good water supply must be hygienically safe and pleasant tasting and water containing salt would corrode machinery used in manufacturing in addition to producing chemical impurities. Since more than 95% of our water sits in the salty seas, man is left to face the reality that most water on the surface of the earth is not available for us.
One very feasible way of sustaining our supply of freshwater is to protect the ecology of our mountains. Mountains and water go together, a fact to which Secretary General Kofi Annan has drawn attention more than once. From 30 to 60% of downstream fresh water in humid areas and up to 95% in arid and semi-arid environments are supplied by mountains. Without interference nature has its own way of purifying water — even though chlorination and filtration are still necessary as a precaution. In a mountainous area, aeration, due to turbulent flow and waterfalls, causes an exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the water. Agriculture, industry, hydroelectric generators and homes that need water to drink and for domestic use depend on these resources and, thus, we must protect mountainous areas as a means of survival.
1.The author of this passage states that_______.
A.the problem of obtaining good drinking water has plagued man throughout time
B.palatability is synonymous with, purity of water
C.most of the world's water is unusable as a water supply
D.man no longer depends on desalinization for his water supply
2.The author believes that industry avoids salt water because_______.
A.water is needed for livestock
B.crops must be considered before man-made products
C.it is used in desalinization plants
D.it causes corrosion
3.Streams would purify themselves if not for_______.
A.human beings B.nature C.chlorination D.mountains
4.By saying that "nature has its own way of purifying water" (Line 4, Para. 3) the author is referring to_________.
A.aeration B.filtration C.chlorination D.absorption
5.The best title for this passage is "_______".
A.The Water Problem: The Dangers Ahead B.The Water Supply Problem: Our Options
C.The Mountains: Our Only Hope for Water D.Water Conservation: The Challenges Ahead
長難例句分析
［長難例句］Since more than 95% of our water sits in the salty seas, man is left to face the reality that most water on the surface of the earth is not available for us.
［結(jié)構(gòu)分析］本句中，主干是man is left to face the reality。that引導的是同位語從句，修飾reality。前面的since引導的是原因狀語從句。
［參考譯文］由于我們95％以上的水資源都存在于含鹽的海洋，人類只得面對現(xiàn)實：地球表面的大部分水資源我們無法獲得。
全文參考譯文
盡管美國東北部的夏季漫長而濕潤，但在世界范圍純凈淡水短缺。隨著水的需求達到有限供應的極限，共享跨邊界淡水資源的國家之間正醞釀著潛在的爭端。
許多人問道，我們?yōu)楹尾焕孟冗M的脫鹽技術向海洋獲取淡水呢？但是，良好的水資源必須健康安全，味道適宜，而鹽水除了產(chǎn)生化學雜質(zhì)外，還會腐蝕生產(chǎn)設備。由于我們95％以上的水資源都存在于含鹽的海洋，人類只得面對現(xiàn)實：地球表面的大部分水資源我們無法獲得。
維持淡水供應的一個非常可行的方法是，保護我們山區(qū)的生態(tài)。山水相伴而生，科菲·安南秘書長不只一次提醒過這個事實。濕潤地區(qū)30％～60％，干旱、半干旱環(huán)境多達95％的下游淡水都是由山脈提供。在沒有干預的情況下，大自然有自己的方式凈化水源——盡管氯化和過濾仍是必要的預防措施。在山區(qū)，由于湍急的水流和瀑布，充氣導致大氣和水之間空氣的交換。工農(nóng)業(yè)、水力發(fā)電機以及家庭用水依賴于這些資源，因此，我們必須把山區(qū)作為生存手段加以保護。
題目答案與解析
1.本文作者聲明：______。
A.獲得良好的飲用水的問題一直困擾著人們
B.palatability與純凈水同義
C.地球表面的大部分水資源無法使用
D.人類不再依靠脫鹽作用來獲得水的供應
【答案】C
【解析】從第二段的末尾可知，地球表面的大部分水資源我們無法獲得。因此C項為正確答案。
2.作者認為工業(yè)應避免使用鹽水，原因是_________。
A.家畜需要水 B.比起人造產(chǎn)品，應優(yōu)先考慮農(nóng)作物
C.它被有脫鹽作用的工廠所使用 D.它引起腐蝕
【答案】D
【解析】從第二段可知，海水腐蝕生產(chǎn)設備。因此D項為正確答案。
3.如果不是因為_________，河流會自我凈化。
A.人類 B.大自然 C.用氯處理 D.山脈
【答案】A
【解析】從第三段可知，在沒有干預的情況下，大自然有自己的方式凈化水源。因此A項為正確答案。
4.通過說大自然“有自己的方式凈化水源”（第三段第四行），作者指的是_________。
A.充氣 B.過濾 C.氯化 D.吸收
【答案】A
【解析】本題中大自然凈化水源的方式指的是后文提到的充氣。因此A項為正確答案。
5.本文最恰當?shù)臉祟}是_________。
A.水的問題：面臨的危險 B.水的供給問題：我們的選擇
C.山脈：我們獲取水的唯一希望 D.水的保護：面臨的挑戰(zhàn)
【答案】B
【解析】綜觀全文，本文探討淡水資源的獲取并且給出解決辦法，因此B項為正確答案。
