1. [詞根辨異]現(xiàn)在又遇到一對異源同形根,plet(裝滿)的異體ply1與plic(彎)的異體ply2形態(tài)相同。請完成下列題目。
① 辨識下列單詞的詞根之含義。
apply comply imply reply supply
② 分析下列單詞詞義之由來。
supplier n.供應(yīng)者
suppliable a.可供給的,可供應(yīng)的
suppliance n.懇求,哀求
suppliant a.(表示)懇求的,(表示)哀求的
③ 注意辨別以下兩個近形詞的詞義。
complement n.補充;補充物
compliment n.恭維(話)
2. [由此及彼]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
已知:duple a.雙倍的,雙重的
求:① triple a.
② quadruple a.
③ multiple a.
3. [同義相連]將左欄中的單詞和右欄中相對應(yīng)的詞義連接起來。
① duplicate a.二倍的;一式兩份的
② multiplicate b.三倍的;一式三份的
③ quadruplicate c.四倍的;一式四份的
④ sexuplicate d.六倍的;一式六份的
⑤ triplicate e.多倍的;一式多份的
4. [尋根問底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領(lǐng)會其詞義的由來。
① ply n.層,重
② pliabe a.易彎的,柔韌的
③ replica n.復(fù)制品;摹寫品
④ duplicity n.口是心非;言行不一
5. [節(jié)外生枝] plic還有兩個異體:來自拉丁文的plex和來自古法語經(jīng)英語“正字”的ploy。注意以下派生詞。
① complex a.復(fù)合的;錯綜的
duplex a.雙重的;二倍的
multiplex a.多樣的;復(fù)合的
perplex v.使困窘;使混亂(提示:per-=thoroughly)
② deploy v.布置;展開(提示:de-=apart)
employ v.使用,利用;雇用(提示:em-=in)
72. pon, pos(it) [L]=to place, to put放,置
pon和pos (it)是一對結(jié)合力非常強的同源異形根。pon來自拉丁動詞ponere的不定式詞干,pos (it)是動名詞詞干,其意思為to place或to put,即“放”或“置”。這族同根詞不下百個。
compose [com- = together 一起;pos = to place 放置;-e→“to place together放置在一起”→] v.①make up, or form as a whole組成:Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水由氫和氧組成。② create (literal or musical work)創(chuàng)作:Beethoven composed nine symphonies.貝多芬創(chuàng)作了九部交響樂。
▽composer [compos(e);-er n.] n.作曲者;創(chuàng)作者
composition [compos(e);-ition n.] n. 作文;作曲;樂曲 composite [com-pos(e);-ite a.] a.合成的;復(fù)合的
expose [ex-=out外;pos=to place放置;-e→“to place out so as to be seen放在外面讓人看”→] v.① uncover使暴露:to expose one's ignorance暴露自己的無知② reveal揭露,揭發(fā):to expose a corruption without any reserve毫無保留揭發(fā)一起貪污案 ③ display 陳列,展出:to expose goods in a shop window在商店櫥窗里陳列貨物
▽exposure [expos(e);-ure n.] n.暴露;揭露
exposition [expos(e);-ition n.] n.顯露;陳列;展覽會;說明
oppose [op-(ob-)=against對抗;pos=to place放置;-e→“to place oneself against把自己置于與……對抗的地位”→] v. be or act against反對;反抗:to oppose a foreign invasion反抗外來侵略
▽opposition [oppos(e);-ition n.] n.反對;對立
opposite [oppos(e);-ite a.] a.相對的;對立的
postpone [post-=after在……之后;pon=to place放置;-e→“to place after a due time置于約定時間之后”→] v. put off;delay推遲;延遲:We postponed the meeting until next Monday.我們把會議推遲到下星期一。
▽postponable [postpon(e);-able a.] a.可以延緩的
propose [pro-=froward向前;pos=to put放置;-e→] v. put forward for consideration提出,建議:to propose a motion提出一項動議
▽proposal [propos(e);-al n.] n.提議;建議;求婚
proposition [propos(e);-ition n.] n.建議;主張
suppose [sup-(sub-)=under, or secretly下,私下;pos=to put放置;-e→“to put some idea in mind secretly私下把某種想法置于心中”→] v.①think or imagine to oneself as true想像;料想:I suppose that he is not yet thirty. 我猜想他還不到三十歲。② assume to be true 假定:Suppose he refuses, what shall we do?假如他拒絕了,我們怎么辦?
▽supposition [suppos(e);-ition n.] n.想象;假定;推測
depose [de-=down低;pos=to place放置;-e→“to place down in rank or position 降低地位”→] v. take an office from罷……的官;廢黜:The revolution deposed the king.那場革命把國王廢黜了。
▽deposal [depos(e);-al n.] n.廢黜;免職
deposit [de-=down下;posit=to place放→“to place down放下,投放”→] v.① place down for safe-keeping儲蓄;存(錢):to deposite money for a car存錢買車② put down to form a layer使沉淀:A layerof mud was deposited on the banks after the flood.洪水過后,兩岸積了一層淤泥。
▽depositor [deposit;-or n.] n.存放者;儲戶
depositary [deposit;-ary n.] n.存放處;倉庫
dispose [dis-=apart, aside分開;旁邊;pos=to place or put放置;-e→“to place apart, or to put aside 分散放;放在一旁”→] v. ① put in places, or arrange布置;安排:to dispose troops for a battle部署兵力準備打仗② throw away;get rid of處理掉;除掉:to dispose of the rubbish清除垃圾
▽disposal [dispos(e);-al n.] n.布置;處置;處理
disposable [dispos(e);-able a.] a.可任意處理的
disposition [dispos(e);-ition n.] n.布置;安排
impose [im-(in-)=upon在……之上;pos=to place放置;-e→“to place upon (somebody)把……放在(某人)身上”→] v.① force (one's views, etc.) upon把(觀點等)強加于:He imposed himself as our leader.他自命為我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。② establish by authority實施,征收:to impose new duties加征新稅
▽imposition [impos(e);-ition n.] n.征稅;稅款;強迫接受