1. [詞根辯異] pass(忍受)與另一拉丁詞根pass(步伐,通過)是一對異源同形根。請辨別以下派生詞的詞根含義。
① passage n.通道,走廊;經(jīng)過;(文章)一段
② passion n.激情,熱情
③ compassion n.同情,憐憫
④ compassable a.能圍繞的;能達到的
⑤ impassible a.無動于衷的,不感苦痛的
⑥ impassable a.不能通行的,無法通過的
2. [同義相連]將左欄中的單詞和右欄中相對應的詞義連接起來。
① impatient a.不相容的;不一致的
② incompatible b.無動于衷的
③ impassible c.冷酷的,無情的
④ uncompassionate d.無感覺的,麻木的
⑤ impassive e.不耐煩的;焦躁的
3. [無師自通]
已知patient是指住院病人,那么,不住在(in)醫(yī)院而在外面(out)就診的門診病人是______________。
4. [尋根問底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領會其詞義的由來。
① impassion v.激起……的熱情;使極度激動
impassioned a.充滿激情的;激昂的
② self-compassion n.自憐
③ impatiens n.鳳仙花屬植物(其花夾成熟時稍碰即爆裂,故得其名。)
5. [節(jié)外生枝]希臘語源的詞根path與pati算是遠親近鄰,意思相當于suffering或feeling,即“感情”。請分析下列path的主要派生詞。
① apathy n.無感情;冷談,漠然
apathetic a.無感情的;冷談的,漠然的(提示:a-=not )
② antipathy n.不相容;反感
antipathetic a.不相容的;引起反感的 (提示:anti-=against )
③ sympathy n.同情;同感;同意,贊同
sympathetic a.同情的;合意的;贊同的
sympathize v.同情,表示同情;同感;贊同(提示:sym-=together)
66. patri, patern [GK]=father, fatherland父親,祖先,祖國
我們已經(jīng)在單詞patriarch(家長)中見過詞根patri。它來自希臘名詞pater,其意思為father(父,祖先)或fatherland(祖國)。異形根patern,則直接來自這個名詞。
patriarch [patri=father父;arch=ruler統(tǒng)治者→“ruler who is a father父權統(tǒng)治者”→] n. man who rules a family or tribe家長;族長:an aged patriarch年老的族長
▽patriarchal [patriarch;-al a.] a.家長的;族長的
patriarchy [patriarch;-y n.] n.父權制;父權制社會
patriot [patri=fatherland祖國;-ot n.=person or native人,本地人→] n. person or native who loves his fatherland愛國者:The hero was praised as a patriot.那位英雄被贊譽為愛國者。
▽patriotic [patriot;-ic n.] a.愛國的
patriotics [patriot;-ics n.] n.愛國行為
patriotism [patriot;-ism n.] n.愛國主義;愛國精神
patrimony [patri=father父;-mony n.=thing物→“things from one's father來自父輩的東西”→] n. property inherited from one's father or ances-tors;heritage祖?zhèn)髫敭a(chǎn);遺產(chǎn):The patrimony of the poor is their own hands.窮人的祖?zhèn)髫敭a(chǎn)就是自己的雙手。
▽patrimonial [patrimon(y);-ial a.] a.世襲財產(chǎn)的;世襲的
patron [patr(i)=father父;-on n.=person人→“person who supports like a father父親般的支持者”→] n. protector;supportor庇護人;資助人:a patron of school學校的贊助人
▽patronage [patron;-age n.] n.庇護人的身份;庇護;資助
patronize [patron;-ize v.] v.庇護;資助
compatriot [com-=together共同;patri=fatherland祖國;-ot n.=person人→“person who has the same fatherland with the people of a certain country與某民族同祖國的人”→] n. fellow-countryman同國人;同胞:overseas compatriots海外同胞
▽compatriotic [compatriot;-ic a.] a.同國人的;同胞的
expatriate [ex-=out of出;patri=fatherland祖國;-ate v.=to cause to be使……→“to cause to be out of his fatherland使身處國外”→] v. sendout of one's country;expel把……逐出國外;流放:The Russian writer was expatriated for some political reason.那個俄國作家因某種政治原因被流放國外。
▽expatriation [expatriat(e);-ion n.] n.逐出祖國;流放國外
patrilineal [patri=father父;line=line線;-al a.=of……的→“of the father's line父親這條線的”→] a. reckoned through the father and male line alone父系的:patrilineal society父系社會
paternal [patern=father父;-al a.=of……的→] a.① of or like a father父親的;父親般的:paternal care父親(般)的關懷②on the father's side父方的:paternal grandfather祖父
▽paternalism [paternal;-ism n.] n.家長式統(tǒng)治;家長作風
paternalist [paternal;-ist n.] n.搞家長式統(tǒng)治的人
paternity [patern=father父;-ity n.=the state or quality表狀況或性質(zhì)→“the state or qualilty of a father為父的狀況或品質(zhì)”→] n.① fatherhood父親的身份;父權:to perfrom one's paternity盡為父之道② origin on the father's side父系:a child's paternity小孩的父系親屬