2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
1. [詞根辨異]現(xiàn)在又遇到一對(duì)異源同形根:cern的異體cret1=to separate;cresc的異體cret2=to grow。請(qǐng)指出下列單詞中詞根cret的含義:
excretion discrete secretary concretion
accretion discretion concretive secretive
2. [由此及彼]比較下邊兩列的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律,填上相應(yīng)的單詞:
increase 增加 decrease 減少
① increment 增加量 ________________減少量
② increscent ________________漸盈的漸虧的
3. [詞義判斷]選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~義。
① recreate A.改造 B.消遣 C.再生
② re-create A.改造 B.消遣 C.再生
③ procreate A.生殖 B.催生 C.代生
4. [尋根問底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領(lǐng)會(huì)其詞義的由來。
① concrescence n.合生;增值
② decremeter n. [無(wú)]衰減計(jì)
③ decrescendo a. [音] 漸弱的
④ crescendo a. [音] 漸強(qiáng)的
⑤ accrete v.增大;合生
⑥ incrementalism n.漸進(jìn)主義
20. cub, cumb [L]=to lie down躺
常用詞incumbent,succumb,concubine和incubate是一組同根詞。詞根cub來自拉丁動(dòng)詞cubare,詞根cumb來自拉丁動(dòng)詞cumbere;而cumbere和cubare實(shí)際上是同一個(gè)詞的異體,意思都相當(dāng)于英語(yǔ)的to lie down(躺,臥)。
incumbent [in-=upon在……之上;cumb=to lie down躺;-ent a.=-ing……的→“lying upon somebody躺在或賦予某人身上的”→] I a. lying or resting on(somebody)as an obligation作為責(zé)任的:It is incumbent on you to warn them.你有責(zé)任告誡他們。→Ⅱn. person on whom an obligation lies;one who holds public office負(fù)有責(zé)任者;任公職者:the struggle between the incumbents and the candidates現(xiàn)任者與候選人之間的斗爭(zhēng)
▽incumbency [in-;cumb;-ency n.] n.責(zé)任;任職;職權(quán)
succumb [suc-(sub-)=under在……之下;cumb=to lie down躺倒→“to lie down under pressure, illness etc.在壓力、疾病等之下躺倒”→] v.① give way;yield讓步,屈服:We will not succumb to difficulties.我們決不向困難低頭。② die死:He succumbed to cancer.他死于癌癥。
concubine [con-=together共同;cub=to lie down臥;-ine n.=female女人→“woman who lies down together with a man與某男人同臥共宿的女人”→] n. woman who inhabits with a man without being married姘婦,情婦
▽concubinage [concubin(e);-age n.] n.情婦身份;非法同居
incubate [in-=on在……上;cub=to lie臥;-ate v.=to cause使……→“to cause (a hen, etc.) to lie on eggs 使(母雞等)臥在卵上”→] v.①sit on eggs in order to hatch them孵卵,孵化:Even a good hen can't incubate a wooden egg.母雞再好也孵不了木頭蛋。② give form to;develop把……醞釀成熟;使發(fā)展:to incubate a plan 醞釀一個(gè)計(jì)劃
▽incubation [incubat(e);-ion n.] n.孵化;醞釀
incubator [incubat(e);-or n.] n.孵化器
incubative [incubat(e);-ive a.] a.孵卵的;潛伏期的
incubus [in-=upon在……之上;cub=to lie down臥;-us n.=thing物→“thing inclined to lie down upon a person喜歡臥在人的身上的東西”→] n. evil spirit supposed to lie down upon sleeping persons;nightmare壓在睡眠者身上的惡魔;夢(mèng)魔:The debt is like an incubus on me.這筆債務(wù)使我夢(mèng)寐不安。
cubicle [cub=to lie躺;-icle n.=small thing 小東西→“small room for lying down供躺下歇息的小房間”→] n.① small bedroom小臥室② any small room小室
▽cubicular [cub;-icular a.] a.寢室的
recumbent [re-=backward向后;cumb=to lie躺;-ent a.=-ing……的→] a. lying backward;reclining躺著的;斜臥的:recumbent statue雕塑的臥像
▽recumbency [recumben(t);-cy n.] n.斜臥;依靠
procumbent [pro-=forward向前;cumb=to lie躺;-ent a.=-ing……的→“lying forward向前臥著的”→] a. leaning forward;prostrate;prone前俯的;平臥的;爬在地下的:The man fell procumbent on the ground.那個(gè)人摔了個(gè)嘴啃泥。
2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
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