如何在托福寫作中正確使用逗號

　　很多托福考生會在自己的托福寫作運(yùn)用大量逗號，甚至?xí)欢旱降?，其?shí)這是錯誤的。英語的句式結(jié)構(gòu)要求比較嚴(yán)格，如果逗號使用不當(dāng)，很有可能就造成語法錯誤，拉低托福寫作的分?jǐn)?shù)。今天，小編就告訴托福考生們?nèi)绾卧谕懈懽髦姓_使用逗號。

　　【用逗號來分隔一系列單詞、詞組和從句】

　　Furthermore the walls of fungal cells are not made of cellulose, as those of plants are, but of another complex sugar like polymer called chitin, the material from which the hard outer skeletons of shrimps, spiders, and insects are made.

　　They are a major cause of structural damage to building timbers, a cause of disease in animals and humans, and one of the greatest causes of agricultural losses.

　　【在并列形容詞，即分別修飾同一個名詞的形容詞之間使用逗號，但也有的形容詞之間不加逗號的】

　　For men, heroism was usually described as bravery and the active, successful lover coming of adversity.

　　【在以"月、日、年"為次序排列的日期間使用逗號。如果這種次序的日期出現(xiàn)在句子中間，則在"年"后也加上逗號】

　　Martin Luther King, Jr., was born on January 15, 1929, and died on April 4, 1968.

　　但在以"日、月、年"為次序排列的日期間，不使用逗號。

　　Martin Luther King, Jr., was born on 15 January 1929, and died on 4April 1968.

　　在"月"和"年"之間，或"季節(jié)"和"年"之間，不使用逗號。

　　The events of July 1789 are as familiar to the French as those of July 1776 are to Americans.

　　發(fā)生在1789年7月的那些事件對于法國人來說，就像美國人對于發(fā)生在1776年7月的那些時間一樣熟悉。

　　【托福寫作中表示地名時】

　　Pandas come from China, Asia.

　　【在并列連詞(and, but, for, nor, or, yet )前使用，用來連接句中的各分句】

　　The principal reason for this is that none of them possesses chlorophyll, and since they cannot synthesize their own carbohydrates, they obtain their supplies either from the breakdown of dead organic matter or from other living organisms.

　　【逗號用來分隔與句子其他部分密切相連的簡短插入語或旁白。(較長的，更為突兀的或復(fù)雜的插入成分的則用破折號或圓括號)】

　　Chemical fertilization, for example, helps to produce better crops, but is harmful to the environment.

　　【用逗號來分隔非限定性修飾語，即該修飾語對于句子的意義并非必不可少。非限定性修飾語與限定性修飾語的區(qū)別在于，它即使被省略，也不會改變句子的主要意思】

　　(1) 同位語

　　The canopy, the upper level of the trees in the rain forest, holds a plethora of climbing mammals of moderately large size, which may include monkeys, cats, civets, and porcupines.

　　(2) 從句

　　The canopy, the upper level of the trees in the rain forest, holds a plethora of climbing mammals of moderately large size, which may include monkeys, cats, civets, and porcupines.

　　【托福寫作中用于短小的引語前】

　　Disraeli said, "Little things affect little minds."

　　【用以將一導(dǎo)言的或轉(zhuǎn)變語氣的詞或短語(如therefore, however, by the way, for instance)與句中其余部分隔開】

　　On the other hand, fungi bring about the decomposition of dead organic matter, thus enriching the soil and returning carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

　　【書寫對話時用于某某說等詞語前后】

　　"Come back soon," she said.

　　以上就是小編為大家總結(jié)的逗號在托福寫作中運(yùn)用的情況。值得注意的是，英語中逗號的使用與中文完全不同，所以考生不能用中文思維運(yùn)用逗號。雖然逗號的使用看起來只是一個簡單的問題，但是這種小細(xì)節(jié)很有可能對你的托福寫作造成不利影響，所以大家要引起重視。