閱讀文章會(huì)再次出現(xiàn),而聽力只放一遍,最后的寫作重點(diǎn)是要求概括出聽力中的主要內(nèi)容和聽力閱讀關(guān)系。所以聽力材料被認(rèn)為是制勝的關(guān)鍵,聽力不好意味全盤皆輸。其實(shí)不然。根據(jù)對(duì)現(xiàn)有的聽力和閱讀文章的分析以及關(guān)系的總結(jié),可以得出一個(gè)結(jié)論:聽力不好的情況下,依然可以用閱讀文章逆襲成功。那么到底應(yīng)當(dāng)如何逆襲呢?且看如下分解。
逆襲依據(jù)一:閱讀和聽力的關(guān)系一般是相反的。
根據(jù)對(duì)以往托??荚囍芯C合寫作的分析,可以得出這樣一條規(guī)律,聽力總是會(huì)反駁閱讀的內(nèi)容,而且聽力和閱讀材料肯定是對(duì)同一話題的討論。比如TPO第一套的綜合寫作,閱讀主要是說四天工作制對(duì)于公司、經(jīng)濟(jì)、雇員有好處,聽力中主要論證的是四天工作制對(duì)于這三者沒好處。
逆襲依據(jù)二:閱讀和聽力文章的內(nèi)容形式是一定的
縱觀TPO綜合寫作的文章,不難發(fā)現(xiàn),不論是閱讀還是聽力都是給出一個(gè)主題句,之后用三個(gè)論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證。而且閱讀中的論點(diǎn)和聽力中的論點(diǎn)是對(duì)應(yīng)的,聽力中分別對(duì)閱讀論點(diǎn)加以反駁。
根據(jù)以上總結(jié)出來的規(guī)律作為依據(jù),我們?cè)诼犃Σ缓玫那闆r下,通過閱讀文章進(jìn)行對(duì)聽力的預(yù)測(cè)和判斷,依然可以得到重要的信息。
逆襲策略一:找出閱讀的主旨句,推斷聽力的主旨句。
根據(jù)以上兩個(gè)依據(jù),我們可以得出結(jié)論:聽力基本上是反駁閱讀的內(nèi)容。所以我們找出閱讀主旨句的同時(shí),就可以推測(cè)出來聽力的主旨句。以TPO1為例
In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option.(TPO1)
通過分析TPO1綜合寫作的閱讀文章,可以得出以上第一段劃線部分為整篇文章的主旨句。通過逆襲依據(jù)一,我們可以推測(cè)出聽力中的主旨句應(yīng)為此句的反面。讓我們來看一下聽力中的主旨句是否如此。
Offering employees the option of a four-day workweek won’t affect the company profits, economic conditions or the lives of employees in the ways the reading suggests.
聽力中的第一段就驗(yàn)證了我們的推測(cè),四天工作制不會(huì)對(duì)公司、經(jīng)濟(jì)、雇員有好處。因此,在聽力聽不懂的情況下,我們依然可以通過閱讀文章得出聽力的主旨句。
逆襲策略二:找出閱讀的論點(diǎn)句,推斷出聽力的論點(diǎn)。
通過逆襲策略二,我們可以得出,閱讀和聽力都是由三個(gè)論點(diǎn)來支持主旨句,因此在總結(jié)聽力內(nèi)容時(shí),三個(gè)論點(diǎn)也是我們要找的重要信息。在聽力聽不懂的情況下,我們能不能通過閱讀文章來推測(cè)出聽力的論點(diǎn)呢。首先來看一下閱讀文章的第二段。
The shortened workweek would increase company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring more staff to ensure that the same amount of work would be accomplished would not result in additional payroll costs because four-day employees would only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies would have fewer overworked and error-prone employees for the same money, which would increase company benefits.
很顯然,這一段主要說明的是縮短的工作制對(duì)公司帶來了好處,增加了公司收益。如果按照逆襲依據(jù)一,我們就可以推測(cè)出聽力中肯定說的是沒有增加公司收益。下面來看一下聽力中的第一個(gè)論點(diǎn)。
First, offering a four-day workweek will probably force companies to spend more, possibly a lot more. Adding new workers means putting much more money into providing training and medical benefits. Remember the costs of things like health benefits can be the same whether an employee works four days or five. And having more employees also requires more office space and more computers. These additional costs would quickly cut into company profits.
聽力中很顯然論證的就是四天工作制減少了公司收益,讓公司花費(fèi)更多。至于花費(fèi)在什么地方了,那就是聽力中我們需要去記的細(xì)節(jié)了。即便在聽不懂的情況下,我們依然可以推測(cè)出聽力中的第一個(gè)論點(diǎn)。其他的論點(diǎn)也是如此。
通過分析綜合寫作的閱讀文章和聽力文章,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),主旨句和論點(diǎn)句是一一對(duì)應(yīng)反駁的,因此閱讀文章對(duì)我們來說有極大的參考價(jià)值。尤其是聽力不好的同學(xué),要對(duì)閱讀文章予以高度重視。通過閱讀文章來幫助我們獲取更多更有效的信息。
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