淺談考研英語(yǔ)閱讀精讀與略讀

　　考研英語(yǔ)閱讀部分分值比重大，占總分的40%，是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)。英語(yǔ)閱讀復(fù)習(xí)重在練習(xí)，通過(guò)練習(xí)掌握閱讀技巧和做題方法，以爭(zhēng)取再短時(shí)間內(nèi)把握主旨和針對(duì)考題找出答案。這就需要考生具有較強(qiáng)的閱讀能力。下面從精讀和略讀兩個(gè)方面談?wù)劥蠹以撛鯓影盐臻喿x的原則。

　　我們都知道，考研英語(yǔ)閱讀的文章多為議論文，多來(lái)源于西方的報(bào)刊雜志，比如《衛(wèi)報(bào)》，《自然》，《新科學(xué)家》等。這類文章通常是關(guān)于社會(huì)生活，科教文衛(wèi)，政治經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的，比較科學(xué)，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)奈恼隆＿@種文章論述的展開通常要圍繞著一個(gè)中心觀點(diǎn)或核心事物。所以我們要真正讀懂一篇文章勢(shì)必要抓住其中心主旨，也就是要找到主旨句。從重要性上來(lái)說(shuō)，主旨句的的重要性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于其他解釋內(nèi)容或例證內(nèi)容。所以對(duì)于我們讀文章來(lái)說(shuō)，顯然主旨句是最重要的，是需要重點(diǎn)精讀的。

　　那怎樣去判斷哪些主旨句呢?首先，從位置上來(lái)說(shuō)，主題句常常在文章開頭的第一段或第二段提出，且常是段首句或轉(zhuǎn)折句。其次，從句子長(zhǎng)度來(lái)說(shuō)通常主題句比較簡(jiǎn)短。所以說(shuō)，文章中需要重點(diǎn)精讀的內(nèi)容為：段首句，轉(zhuǎn)折句，以及定位句。

　　相對(duì)而言，文章中舉例或引用的東西就可以略讀，這些內(nèi)容中往往包含一些時(shí)間、數(shù)據(jù)、人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名稱之類的信息。在比如一些有關(guān)職務(wù)、頭銜、社會(huì)地位等補(bǔ)充性說(shuō)明信息(通常這些信息是出現(xiàn)在人名，機(jī)構(gòu)名詞之后的定語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ))。以1999年text5為例，如果把精讀的內(nèi)容用下劃線標(biāo)示出來(lái)，那么結(jié)果如下：

　　Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness ofthe minds of the men who watch the experiments.(精讀) Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discoveredgravity through the fall of an apple. Apples had been falling in many places for centuries andthousands of people had seen them fall. But Newton for years had been curious about the causeof the orbital motion of the moon and planets. What kept them in place? Why didn't they fall outof the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answeredthe question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon andthe planets.(略讀)

　　How many men would have considered the possibility of an apple falling up into the tree? Newtondid because he was not trying to predict anything.(精讀) He was just wondering. His mind wasready for the unpredictable. Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research. If you don'thave unpredictable things, you don't have research. Scientists tend to forget this when writingtheir cut and dried reports for the technical journals, but history is filled with examples of it.

　　掌握了精讀和略讀的方法，就可以大大減少閱讀量，從而把更多的時(shí)間放在解讀關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容上。而考研英語(yǔ)閱讀文章在出題時(shí)也往往和這些需要精讀的內(nèi)容有關(guān)，而極少涉及略讀部分的內(nèi)容，所以精讀如果做到位，很多答案都可以毫不費(fèi)力的做出來(lái)了，同學(xué)們不妨一試。