英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力文摘494 煙酒不分家？

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煙酒不分家?

Scientists have long been aware of the link between drinking and smoking. In fact, eighty to ninety percent of alcoholics also smoke, which is about three times the rate in the general population. But a recent study suggests that what you’re dealing with isn’t just behavioral–it also has to do with brain chemistry.

The study suggests that alcohol increases the pleasurable effects of nicotine. Participants drank an alcoholicbeverage and smoked either a regular cigarette or a nicotine free one. Those who smoked nicotine-free cigarettes didn’t report as much satisfaction, which indicates that the nicotine itself plays a critical role in the interaction.

And then there’s all that lowering of inhibitions that happens when you drink. It doesn’t take much alcohol to increase the pleasures of nicotine. Once scientists get to the bottom of the pharmacological interaction that happens between alcohol and nicotine, they may have a better understanding of how to treat both addictions more effectively.

科學(xué)家們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直在研究喝酒和抽煙之間的聯(lián)系。事實(shí)上，在那些喝酒的人當(dāng)中，80%到90%都抽煙，這個(gè)比率是總?cè)藬?shù)的3倍。但最近有研究稱(chēng)這不僅與人的行為有關(guān)，而且與大腦化學(xué)反應(yīng)也有一定關(guān)系。

這項(xiàng)研究表明酒精可以增強(qiáng)尼古丁令人愉快的效果。參與者喝一杯酒精飲料后再抽一支煙或者抽一支不含尼古丁的香煙。那些抽沒(méi)有尼古丁香煙的人并沒(méi)有感受到滿(mǎn)足感，由此表明尼古丁在相互影響時(shí)自身起到關(guān)鍵性作用。

如果喝酒的話(huà)就會(huì)降低抑制作用。只需少量的酒精就能增加尼抽煙的的快感。曾經(jīng)有科學(xué)家弄清酒精和尼古丁之間藥物影響的真相，這讓他們更好的了解如何有效地治療酗酒和吸煙上癮的人。

Notes：

get to the bottom of 弄清 ... 的真相

eg:

The police are eager to get to the bottom of this mystery.

警方急切地想弄清這一神秘事件的真相。