談談約翰彌爾頓在劍橋大學上學的經(jīng)歷，在各個時期創(chuàng)作了哪些優(yōu)秀作品

 
談談約翰彌爾頓在劍橋大學上學的經(jīng)歷，在各個時期創(chuàng)作了哪些優(yōu)秀作品
 
來聽今天的講解:
 
A:John Milton is a genius. His masterpieces Paradise Lost、Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes are pearls of world literature.
 
約翰彌爾頓真是個天才。他的杰作 《失樂園》、《復樂園》和《力士參孫》是世界文學的明珠。
 
B:I cannot agree with you more. The works of today’s poets are not half as brilliant as those of Milton. And he excels in languages studying, too. He can speak and write in Greek, Latin, and Italian.
 
我非常同意你的觀點。現(xiàn)在很多詩人的作品遠不如彌爾頓的精彩。彌爾頓還精通多種語言。他通曉希臘語、拉丁語和意大利語。
 
A:Milton is a life-long student. His schooling started at home before he went to read the works of Homer and Virgil in Greek and Latin at St Paul’s School in London.
 
彌爾頓終身都在學習。在他到倫敦圣保羅學校學習希臘語的荷馬著作和拉丁語的維吉爾著作之前，他在家里就開始學習了。
 
B: And he entered Christ’s College, Cambridge in 1625 with the intent to become a minister.
 
1625年，他抱著要當牧師的念頭考人了劍橋大學基督學院。
 
A: But Milton did not adjust to university life. He was called, half in scorn, “The Lady of Christ’s”.
 
但是彌爾頓并不適應大學生活。同學們半帶蔑視地稱他為"基督學院的女士”。
 
B: While Milton was a hardworking student, he was also argumentative. Only a year later, in 1626, he got suspended after a dispute with his tutor.
 
雖然彌爾頓是一個刻苦學習的學生，他卻喜歡和老師爭論。入學后僅一年，也就是1926年，由于與導師產(chǎn)生了矛盾，他被迫輟學。
 
A: During his temporary return to London, Milton attended plays, and began his first forays into poetry.
 
在彌爾頓暫返倫敦的這段時間里，他參加了戲劇演出，并開始嘗試寫詩。
 
B: At his return to Cambridge, Milton was assigned a new tutor. But life at Cambridge was still not easy on Milton; he felt he was disliked by many of his fellow students and he was dissatisfied with the curriculum.
 
回到劍橋后，校方為彌爾頓重選了一個新導師。但彌爾頓仍感到在劍橋大學生活不易。他覺得許多同學都不喜歡他，對課程設置也不滿意。
 
A: But he did learn a lot in Cambridge. It was at Cambridge that he composed  “On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity”，
 
但是彌爾頓的確在劍橋?qū)W到了很多東西?！痘秸Q生的早晨》這首諳正是他在劍橋創(chuàng)作的。
 
B:You’re quite right. Upon graduation in 1632 with a Master of Arts degree, he retired to the family homes, for years of private study and literary composition.
 
你說得很對。1632年畢業(yè)拿到文學學士學位后，彌爾頓退隱家中，花費數(shù)年時間自學和創(chuàng)作文學。
 
A:That’s true. Milton had given up his plan to become a priest. He adopted no profession but spent six years at leisure in his father’s home, writing literary works.
 
的確如此。彌爾頓放棄了成為牧師的計劃。他沒有找任何工作，6年來的閑暇時光都待在父親的房子里，進行文學創(chuàng)作。
 
B:At the same time Milton decided to further his studies in languages including Hebrew. And he travelled many countries in the late 1630s where he immersed himself in their history and culture.
 
同時彌爾頓決定加強語言學習，包括希伯來語的學習。17世紀30年代晚期，他去了很多國家旅游，并沉浸于所到國家的歷史和文化之中。
 
A:He met many prominent learned men during the travelling including Galileo Galilei.
 
在旅行中，他遇到了包括伽利略伽利雷在內(nèi)的很多杰出的博學之人。
 
B:Yes, he also had a long and meaningful conversation with Galileo Galilei. Their conversation was recorded in his celebrated plea for a free speech and free discussion, AREOPAGITICA (On Liberty).
 
是的。他還和伽利略伽利雷有過一次長時間富有意義的談話。他們的對話被記錄在彌爾頓著名的呼吁自由演講和討論的《論自由》一書中。
 
A:And I remember that there are references to Galileo’s telescope in Paradise Lost.
 
我還記得彌爾頓在《失樂園》中也談到了伽利略的望遠鏡。
 
B:The intense work of translating and writing created much strain on his eyes and by 1652 he was entirely blind and relied on the assistance of other people,
 
翻譯和寫作的高強度工作使他的眼睛不堪重負，到了 1652年，他已經(jīng)完全失明了，要依賴別人的幫助才能工作。
 
A: But it seems that Milton was not unduly grieved by his loss of sight. Instead, blindness helped him to stimulate his verbal richness.
 
但是彌爾頓對于自己的失明似乎并不怎么傷心。相反，失明有肋于刺激他語言的表達。
 
B: He sacrificed his sight, and then he remembered his first desire, that of being a poet. During the plague years he left London and lived in a cottage in the village of Chalfont St Giles, Buckinghamshire.
 
彌爾頓雖然失明了，但是他想起了他最初的夢想，那就是成為一名詩人。在倫敦大瘟疫期間，他離開倫敦，住在了白金漢郡查爾芬特圣賈爾斯村子的一個小屋里。
 
A: It was here that Milton prepared for publication Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained.
 
正是在這里，彌爾頓創(chuàng)作書了《失樂園》和《復樂園》，并準備出版。