膽結(jié)石是什么？是開藥治療還是做手術(shù)拿掉結(jié)石

今天的這段對話，在討論膽結(jié)石，
 
膽結(jié)石是什么？是開藥治療還是做手術(shù)拿掉結(jié)石
 
來聽今天的講解:
 
A: Now, Barbara, it's really good to see you. I heard that you were in the hospital.
 
芭芭拉，見到你真是太好了。我聽說你之前住院了。
 
B: Yes, I was. I got sick in august last year and luckily I was with my students and the lady was a nurse. She and her husband drove me to the hospital. I was doubled over. I was clutching my stomach. I had so much pain, a burning sensation in my chest. I didn't know what was happening. They took me to the hospital and they did some tests and they said, "Well, you have gallstones."
 
對，是的。去年8月我生病了，幸運的是，當(dāng)時我和學(xué)生們在一起，有一個學(xué)生是護士。她和她丈夫開車把我送去了醫(yī)院。當(dāng)時我一直彎著腰，用手捂著肚子，因為我太疼了，而且胸口有灼燒感。我不知道是怎么回事。他們把我送去醫(yī)院，做了些檢查，他們說，你得了膽結(jié)石。
 
A: Gallstones. What exactly are gallstones?
 
膽結(jié)石。具體來說，膽結(jié)石是什么？
 
B: Well, next to your stomach, there is an organ called the gallbladder and the job of this organ is to hold some liquid which comes out of your liver and this liquid stays in your gallbladder and is saved for when it' needed, and when you eat something that contains fat or oil, the bile from the gallbladder is squirted out and goes into, perhaps your stomach or your intestine. I'm not sure which, and there it does something to help you to cope with the oil. Perhaps it binds with the oil or makes it easier for your body to get rid of it — to eliminate it.
 
在你的胃部旁邊，有個器官叫膽囊，它的職責(zé)是儲存肝臟制造出來的液體，這種液體會留在膽囊中儲存，供需要時使用，比如在你吃東西的時候溶解脂肪和油脂，這時膽囊里的膽汁會被排至胃部或腸道。我也不太確定膽汁流到哪里去，不過它有助于溶解油脂。也許它可以和油脂結(jié)合，或是使你的身體更易排掉油脂。
 
A: OK, so when you have these gallstones, do they give you medicine? Do they remove them through surgery?
 
好，那你被確診為膽結(jié)石以后，他們有給你開藥嗎？還是他們做手術(shù)拿掉了結(jié)石？
 
B: There are a couple of different things to do. My gallbladder was working too hard because I was eating an unhealthy diet and not exercising enough, so inside my gallbladder, there were too big hard stones. Some people can have surgery to remove them. Some people have laser surgery, where the doctors aim a laser at the stones and shatter them, but the small pieces are still there and they have to be passed out of the body naturally and that is still a problem. With me, my gallbladder was inflamed and they looked at it and said, "No, it has to come out" so they took out the whole thing: the gallbladder and the two stones inside it. So now I have no gallbladder, so if I eat oily food… well I have no gallbladder to contain the bile from my liver which I need to process the oil.
 
這個要視不同的情況而定。我的膽囊非常辛苦，因為我的飲食不健康，而且缺乏鍛煉，所以我膽囊里的結(jié)石又大又硬。有些人可以通過手術(shù)去除結(jié)石。有些人可以進行激光手術(shù)，醫(yī)生用激光將結(jié)石打碎，不過小塊的結(jié)石仍會留在膽囊里，所以還需要自然地排出體外，所以這仍然是個問題。而當(dāng)時我的膽囊處于發(fā)炎狀態(tài)，他們檢查之后說，必須要拿掉膽囊，所以他們把膽囊和里面的兩塊石頭一塊兒拿掉了。所以我現(xiàn)在沒有膽囊，如果我吃油膩的食物……我沒有膽囊來儲存肝臟制造的膽汁，無法用膽汁來溶解油脂。
 
A: Right, right.
 
嗯，好。
 
B: So, if I eat anything with oil I feel sick, and I usually… yeah, it's not good. So, I avoid oil, which is healthier anyway.
 
如果我吃油膩的食物，我就會感覺不舒服，通常……嗯，這點并不好。我要避免油膩食物，這樣更健康。
 
A: Well, I'm just glad that you're OK. That sound pretty awful.
 
嗯，看到你現(xiàn)在沒事了我很高興。那聽起來很糟糕。
 
B: Oh, well, I'm fit now. Yeah, everything's OK.
 
哦，我現(xiàn)在很健康。一切都很好。
 
A: Oh, good to hear.
 
哦，聽到你這么說太好了。