美國(guó)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)Lesson 74 - throw one's hat in the ring / go on th

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to throw one's hat in the ring

to go on the stump

在競(jìng)選的第一個(gè)階段，那些認(rèn)為自己有資格當(dāng)總統(tǒng)的人經(jīng)過(guò)多方考慮后作出決定究竟參不參加這次總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選。美國(guó)人經(jīng)常用一個(gè)俗語(yǔ)來(lái)指決定參加競(jìng)選，就是：to throw one's hat in the ring。To throw one's hat in the ring是指某人決定參加競(jìng)選。這個(gè)說(shuō)法可能是來(lái)自很早以前的一種風(fēng)俗。那時(shí),有的職業(yè)摔交運(yùn)動(dòng)員經(jīng)常到各地去旅行和當(dāng)?shù)氐娜瞬乓槐雀叩?。如果?dāng)?shù)赜心硞€(gè)人決定和他比賽的話，那個(gè)人就把帽子往場(chǎng)里一扔，表示接受挑戰(zhàn)。當(dāng)然，這類到處旅行，像中國(guó)古時(shí)候擺擂臺(tái)的那種方式現(xiàn)在很少見(jiàn)了，可是這個(gè)俗語(yǔ)卻被普遍用來(lái)形容接受挑戰(zhàn)，參加競(jìng)選。我們來(lái)舉一個(gè)例子吧：

例句-1: A former senator from Massachusetts named Paul Tsongas was the first Democrat to throw his hat in the ring for this year's presidential election.

這句話的意思是："麻省一位名字叫保爾？聰格斯的前參議員是第一個(gè)決定參加今年總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選的民主黨人。"

在是否參加總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選的問(wèn)題上，紐約州的州長(zhǎng)科莫最晚作出決定：

例句-2: People at first thought that the Governor of New York would throw his hat in the ring. But he waited and waited and announced at the last minute that he would not run for president.

這句話是說(shuō)："人們開(kāi)始都以為紐約州州長(zhǎng)科莫會(huì)參加競(jìng)選?？墒?，他遲遲不作決定，直到最后一分鐘才宣布他決定不參加總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選。"

在競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)的第二個(gè)階段，那些決定參加競(jìng)選的人開(kāi)始到各地去參加各州的初選。在美國(guó)的俗語(yǔ)中就是：stump。Stump在這里的意思是參加競(jìng)選的人到各處去發(fā)表講演，爭(zhēng)取選民的支持。你要是查字典的話，stump這個(gè)字的一個(gè)意思是：樹(shù)墩。樹(shù)墩和到處演講這兩者之間在美國(guó)是有歷史性聯(lián)系的。在美國(guó)剛成立的時(shí)候，人們?yōu)榱碎_(kāi)荒種地和建立新的城鎮(zhèn)，砍掉了好多樹(shù)。競(jìng)選公職的候選人往往站在樹(shù)墩上發(fā)表演說(shuō)。慢慢地，stump這個(gè)字就演變到現(xiàn)在的意思，就是競(jìng)選者到各處去演說(shuō)爭(zhēng)取選票。我們?cè)賮?lái)舉個(gè)例子吧：

例句-3: The governor is running for reelection, and he's looking hard for votes--he'll stump the whole state next month and make speeches in over fifty cities and towns.

這句話的意思是："這位州長(zhǎng)正在競(jìng)選連任。他在竭盡全力地爭(zhēng)取選票。下個(gè)月，他要到全州五十個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)去發(fā)表講話，進(jìn)行競(jìng)選活動(dòng)。"

可是今年在競(jìng)選方式和去年有所不同：

例句-4: Usually, candidates fly to different places to make speeches. This year, however, the Democratic candidates Clinton and Gore took a bus to make their stump speeches in order to meet more people at the grassroots level.

這句話里的stump這個(gè)字是個(gè)形容詞。這句話是說(shuō)："候選人一般都是乘飛機(jī)到各地去發(fā)表演說(shuō)?？墒?，今年民主黨的兩位候選人克林頓和戈?duì)柛某舜筠I車去各地競(jìng)選，這樣他們沿途可以見(jiàn)到更多的普通老百姓。"