A Discussion Later That Same Day
When Michael finished telling the story, he looked around the room and saw his former classmates smiling at him.
Several thanked him and said they got a good deal out of the story.
Nathan asked the group, “What would you think of getting together later and maybe discussing it?
Most of them said they would like to talk about it, and so they arranged to meet later for a drink before dinner.
That evening, as they gathered in a hotel lounge, they began to kid each other about finding their “Cheese” and seeing themselves in the maze.
Then Angela asked the group good-naturedly, “So, who were you in the story? Sniff, Scurry, Hem or Haw?”
Carlos answered, “Well, I was thinking about that this afternoon. I clearly remember a time before I had my sporting good business, when I had a rough encounter with change.
“I wasn’t Sniff-I didn’t sniff out the situation and see the change early. And I certainly wasn’t Scurry – I didn’t go into action immediately.
“I was more like Hem, who wanted to stay in familiar territory. The truth is, I didn’t want to deal with the change. The truth is, I didn’t want to deal with the change. I didn’t even want to see it.”
Michael, who felt like no time had passed since he and Carlos were close friends in school, asked, “What are we talking about here, buddy?”
Carlos said, “An unexpected change of jobs.”
Michael laughed. “You were fired?”
“Well let’s just say I didn’t want to go out looking for New Cheese. I thought I had a good reason why change shouldn’t happen to me. So, I was pretty upset at the time.
Some of their former classmates who had been quite in the beginning felt more comfortable now and spoke up, including Frank, who had gone into the military.
“Hem reminds me of a friend of mine,” Frank said. “His department was closing down, but he didn’t want to see it. They kept relocating his people. We all tried to talk to him about the many other opportunities that existed in the company for those who wanted to be flexible, but he didn’t think he had to change. He was the only one who was surprised when his department closed. Now he’s having a hard time adjusting to the change he didn’t think should happen.”
Jessica said, “I didn’t think it should happen to me either, but my ‘Cheese’ has been moved more than once.”
Many in the group laughed, except Nathan.
“Maybe that’s the whole point,” Nathan said. “Change happens to all of us.”
He added, “I wish my family had heard the Cheese story before this. Unfortunately we didn’t want to see the changes coming in our business, and now it’s too late – we’re having to close many of our stores.”
That surprised many in the group, because they thought Nathan was lucky to be in a secure business he could depend on, year after year.
“What happened?” Jessica wanted to know.
“Our chain of small stores suddenly became old fashioned when the mega-store came to town with its huge inventory and low prices. We just couldn’t compete with that.
“I can see now that instead of being like Sniff and Scurry, we were like Hem. We stayed where we were and didn’t change. We tried to ignore what was happening and now we are in trouble. We could have taken a lesson or two from Haw.”
Laura, who had become a successful business-woman, had been listening, but had said very little until now. “I thought about the story this afternoon too,” she said. “I wondered how I could be more like Haw and see what I’m doing wrong; laugh at myself; change and do better.”
She said, “I’m curious. How many here are afraid of change?” No one responded, so she suggested, “How about a show of hands?”
Only one hand went up. “Well, it looks like we’ve got one honest person in our group!” she said. And then continued, “Maybe you’ll like this next question better. How many here think other people are afraid of change? Everyone raised their hands. Then they all started laughing.
“What does that tell us?”
“Denial,” Nathan answered.
Michael admitted, “Sometimes we’re not even aware that we’re afraid. I know I wasn’t. When I first heard the story, I loved the question, “What would you do if you weren’t afraid?”
Then Jessica added, “Well, what I got from the story is that change is going to happen-whether I’m afraid of it, or whether I like it, or not.
“I remember years ago when our company was selling sets of encyclopedia books. One person tried to tell us that we should put our whole encyclopedia on a single computer disk and sell it for a fraction of the cost. It would cost us so much less to manufacture and so many more people could afford it. But we all resisted.
“Why did you resist?” Nathan asked.
“Because, we believed then that the backbone of our business was our large sales force, who called on people door-to-door. Keeping our sales force depended on the big commissions they earned from the high price of our product. We had been doing this successfully for a long time and thought it would go on forever.”
“It was your “Cheese,” Nathan said.
“Yes, and we wanted to hang on to it.
“When I think back on what happened to us, I see that it’s not just that they ‘moved the Cheese,’ but that the ‘Cheese’ has a life of its own and eventually runs out.
“Anyway, we didn’t change. But a competitor did and our sales fell badly. We’ve been going through a difficult time. Now, another big technological change is happening in the industry and no one at the company seems to want to deal with it. It doesn’t look good. I think I could be out of a job soon.”
“It’s maze time!” Carlos called out. Everyone laughed, including Jessica.
Carlos turned to Jessica and said, “It’s good that you can laugh at yourself.”
Frank offered, “That’s what I got out of the story. I tend to take myself too seriously. I noticed how Haw changed when he could finally laugh at himself and at what he was doing. No wonder he was called Haw.”
Angela asked, “Do you think that Hem ever changed and found New Cheese?”
Elaine said, “I think he did.”
“I don’t,” Cory said. “Some people never change and they pay a price for it. I see people like Hem in my medical practice. They feel entitled to their ‘Cheese’. They feel like victims when it’s taken away and blame others. They get sicker than people who let go and move on.”
Then Nathan said quietly, as though he was talking to himself, “I guess the question is, ‘What do we need to let go of and what do we need to move on to?”
No one said anything for a while.
“I must admit,” Nathan said, “I saw what was happening in other parts of the country, but I hoped it wouldn’t affect us. I guess it’s a lot better to initiate change while you can than it is to try to react and adjust to it. Maybe we should move our own Cheese.”
“What do you mean? Frank asked.
Nathan answered, “I can’t help but wonder where we would be today if we had sold the real estate under all our old stores and built a great modern store to compete with the best of them.”
Laura said, “Maybe that’s what Haw meant when he wrote on the wall ‘Savor the adventure and move with the Cheese.”
Frank said, “I think some things shouldn’t change. For example, I want to hold on to my basic values. But I realize now that I would be better off if I had moved with the ‘Cheese’ a lot sooner in my life.
“Well, Michael, it was a nice little story,” Richard, the class skeptic, said, “but how did you actually put it into use in your company?”
The group didn’t know it yet, but Richard was experiencing some changes himself. Recently separated from his wife, he was now trying to balance his career with raising his teenagers.
Michael replied, “You know, I thought my job was just to manage the daily problems as they came up when I should have been looking ahead and paying attention to where we were going.
“And boy did I manage those problems-twenty-four hours a day. I wasn’t a lot of fun to be around. I was in a rat race and I couldn’t get out.
“However, after I first heard the story of ‘Who Moved My Cheese?’ and saw how Haw changed,” Michael continued, “I realized that my job was to paint a picture of ‘New Cheese’. And to do it so clearly and realistically that I and the other people I worked with could all enjoy changing and succeeding together.”
同一天傍晚,故事講完以后的討論
邁克爾講完他的故事以后,環(huán)顧四周,發(fā)現(xiàn)他的老同學(xué)們都在微笑著傾聽。
有幾個(gè)人站起身來向他表示感謝,說他們從故事中得到了很多啟發(fā)。
內(nèi)森問大家:“一會(huì)兒我們聚在一起討論一下這個(gè)故事,你們覺得怎樣?”
大多數(shù)人都表示他們的確很想談一談自己的感受。于是,他們決定先去喝點(diǎn)東西,再吃晚餐,然后一起討論一下這個(gè)故事。
當(dāng)天晚上,他們聚集在飯店的房間里,相互開著玩笑說,看見他們自己在迷宮中尋找各自的“奶酪”。
安杰拉要大家安靜下來,并詢問道:“你們覺得自己是這故事中的誰?嗅嗅和匆匆,還是哼哼或唧唧?”
卡洛斯第一個(gè)回答說:“呃,整個(gè)下午,我都在考慮這個(gè)問題。我清楚地記得,有一段時(shí)間,在我開始我的運(yùn)動(dòng)器材生意之前,我曾遇到過一次突如其來的改變。”
“我不是嗅嗅——我沒能及早嗅出潛在的危機(jī)并看出已經(jīng)發(fā)生的變化。我也不像匆匆——因?yàn)槲覜]有立即投入行動(dòng)。”
“我想我更像是哼哼,當(dāng)時(shí)我只愿意呆在自己熟悉的領(lǐng)域。事實(shí)上,我根本不想去應(yīng)對(duì)改變,我甚至不想看到變化。”
邁克爾和卡洛斯在學(xué)校時(shí)是好朋友,現(xiàn)在還是像從前一樣親密,他不解地問道:“兄弟,你所說的那個(gè)突然的改變究竟是怎么回事?”
卡洛斯說:“那是工作上的一個(gè)意想不到的變化。”
邁克爾笑了起來:“你被開除了?”
“噢,還不如說,我只是從來不曾想過要去尋找新的奶酪。我曾經(jīng)想到很多理由,總覺得變化不應(yīng)該發(fā)生在我身上。老實(shí)說,那段時(shí)間,我感到非常沮喪。”
剛開始的時(shí)候,有幾位同學(xué)一直沒有參加討論,現(xiàn)在聽了邁克爾的話也都開始了議論。首先是已經(jīng)應(yīng)征入伍的弗蘭克。
“哼哼使我想起了我的一位朋友,”他說:“所有跡象顯示他所在的部門將被裁撤,但他不肯面對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)。公司為所有人做了重新安排。我們都試圖勸說他,只要愿意改變,公司里還有很多其他的機(jī)會(huì),但他始終覺得自己沒有必要改變。當(dāng)他所在的部門最終關(guān)閉時(shí),他是惟一驚訝得不知所措的人。現(xiàn)在,他正在做出艱難的調(diào)整,以適應(yīng)他認(rèn)為不該發(fā)生的變化。”
杰西卡說:“我也一向認(rèn)為這種事情不會(huì)發(fā)生在我身上,但我的奶酪的確已經(jīng)不止一次地被拿走了,尤其是在我的個(gè)人生活中。但最后我總能找到我的奶酪。”
除了內(nèi)森以外,大家都笑了。
“也許,這就是關(guān)鍵之處,”內(nèi)森說:“變化發(fā)生在我們每一個(gè)人身上。”
他補(bǔ)充道:“我真希望我的家人以前就聽到暈過這個(gè)故事。不幸的是,我們每一個(gè)人都不愿意面對(duì)發(fā)生在我們家族企業(yè)中的變化。現(xiàn)在為時(shí)已晚——我們不得不關(guān)閉我們的許多家店鋪了。“
內(nèi)森的話讓很多人吃了一驚,因?yàn)榇蠹乙幌蚨己芰w慕內(nèi)森的幸運(yùn),認(rèn)為他可以躺在自己的家族企業(yè)中,年復(fù)一年地依靠它。
“發(fā)生了什么事?”杰西卡急于問個(gè)究竟。
“當(dāng)超級(jí)商場進(jìn)入小鎮(zhèn)時(shí),我們的小型連鎖店突然顯得過時(shí)了。他們有大量豐富且價(jià)格低廉的商品,我們完全無法與之競爭。”
“現(xiàn)在我終于明白了,這一切后果歸咎于我的家人都不是嗅嗅和匆匆,我們就像哼哼。我們呆在原來的地方固步自封,拒絕改變;我們故意忽略外面的世界,企圖對(duì)發(fā)生的一切視而不見?,F(xiàn)在我們陷入了麻煩,這一切只是因?yàn)槲覀儾辉敢獬爸S自己,不愿意改變所做的一切。我們真應(yīng)該從唧唧身上學(xué)到些什么。”
勞拉已經(jīng)是一位很成功的商人,到現(xiàn)在為止,她很少說話,一直在聆聽。“這個(gè)下午,我也一直在思考這個(gè)故事,”這時(shí)她說:“我不知道自己要怎樣做才能更像唧唧,才能夠看到自己的錯(cuò)誤,坦然面對(duì)自己,改變自己,并將一切做得更好。”
沉默了一會(huì)兒,她繼續(xù)說:“我想知道,我們這里有多少人害怕改變?”見沒有人回答。于是她又提議:“請(qǐng)舉手示意。”
只有一個(gè)人舉了手。“很好,看起來,我們之中總算還有一個(gè)誠實(shí)的人!”她說,并繼續(xù)道:“也許你們更愿意回答下一個(gè)問題。有多少人認(rèn)為別人害怕改變?”這一次幾乎每個(gè)人都舉了手。見此情景,大伙都大笑起來。
“剛才的現(xiàn)象說明了什么?”
“我們都拒絕承認(rèn)自己害怕改變。”內(nèi)森回答。
“確實(shí)是這樣,”邁克爾表示贊同,“有時(shí)候,連我們自己也沒有意識(shí)到我們?cè)诤ε?,或者說我們?cè)谂ο胙谏w自己的恐懼。我知道我就是如此。當(dāng)我第一次聽到這個(gè)故事的時(shí)候,我就非常喜歡這句話,‘當(dāng)你無所畏懼時(shí),你會(huì)怎樣?’”
杰西卡接口道:“我從這個(gè)故事中得到的啟示是,變化無時(shí)無處不在發(fā)生,無論我們是害怕改變還是喜歡改變,但如果我們能盡快調(diào)整自己適應(yīng)變化,我們應(yīng)該可以做得更好。”
“我還記得幾年前我們公司發(fā)生的事情。當(dāng)時(shí)我們正在銷售一套百科全書,全套書有二十多本。有個(gè)人想要說服我們,他告訴我們應(yīng)該把整套百科全書做成一張計(jì)算機(jī)光盤,只賣現(xiàn)在價(jià)格的零頭。這樣做,既可以及時(shí)更新,又可以使生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用大為減少,而且將有更多的人買得起并可以使用上它。但是當(dāng)時(shí)我們拒絕了這個(gè)建議。”
“你們?yōu)槭裁匆芙^呢?”內(nèi)森問道。
“因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)我們確信,我們企業(yè)的主力,是我們挨家挨戶地推銷的龐大銷售隊(duì)伍,我們的高價(jià)產(chǎn)品使我們的銷售人員可以獲得高額傭金從而更加賣力氣地工作。長期以來,我們一直都這樣做并且做得很成功,我們都認(rèn)為這種方式還會(huì)繼續(xù)有效。”
勞拉說:“也許這就是故事里所要表明的,哼哼和唧唧由于成功而形成的傲慢。他們從來沒有想過,他們需要改變那些曾經(jīng)的有效的東西。”
“這方法就是你們的奶酪!”內(nèi)森說:“并且你們認(rèn)為這塊舊奶酪是你們惟一的奶酪。”
“的確如此,我們甚至想依靠這種方法直到永遠(yuǎn)。”
“當(dāng)我回過頭去想發(fā)生的事情時(shí),我發(fā)現(xiàn),奶酪不僅僅會(huì)被移走。奶酪也有自己的生命,終究有被吃完的一天。”
“結(jié)果怎么樣呢?”勞拉問。
“我們沒有變。一個(gè)競爭者卻做了改變,所以我們的生意一落千丈,一直到現(xiàn)在我們都很艱難。如今,在這個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域里技術(shù)上已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的變化,但我們公司里卻沒有一個(gè)人想去應(yīng)對(duì)這種變化。這看起來很不妙,我想我快要失業(yè)了。”
“這真是一個(gè)迷宮的時(shí)代!”卡洛斯忽然叫道。大家都笑了起來,杰西卡也笑了。
卡洛斯轉(zhuǎn)向杰西卡說道:“你已經(jīng)可以坦然地嘲笑你自己了,這很好啊。”
弗蘭克附和說:“這也是我從故事中得到的體會(huì),我們常常過于認(rèn)真地看待自己。我注意到在故事里,當(dāng)唧唧終于能夠坦然嘲笑自己錯(cuò)誤的過去時(shí),他得到了應(yīng)對(duì)變化的方法。關(guān)鍵就在于要敢于否定自己,勇敢地嘲諷自己做的傻事,難怪他的名字要叫作唧唧。”
大家都模仿這個(gè)詞,發(fā)出哼哼唧唧的聲音。
安杰拉問大家:“你們認(rèn)為哼哼是否會(huì)改變,是否能夠找到新的奶酪?”
依萊恩說:“我想他會(huì)的。”
“我認(rèn)為不會(huì),”柯瑞說:“有的人絕對(duì)不肯改變,并為此付出了代價(jià)。在我行醫(yī)的時(shí)候,我見過像哼哼這樣的人。他們覺得他們天生具備擁有自己的奶酪的資格和權(quán)力,當(dāng)奶酪被拿走以后,他們覺得自己是受害者并為此而指責(zé)別人,抱怨能夠抱怨的一切。他們比那些最終能夠放開自己去行動(dòng)的人要病得厲害得多。”
這時(shí),內(nèi)森輕輕地、好像自言自語般地說道:“我覺得,真正的問題是,‘我們需要放棄什么,以及應(yīng)該朝哪里行動(dòng)?’”
好一會(huì)兒,大家都不說話。
“我必須承認(rèn),”內(nèi)森又說:“當(dāng)我看到其他地方的商業(yè)經(jīng)營運(yùn)作方式在改變時(shí),我完全有時(shí)間有能力改變自己去應(yīng)對(duì)這種變化,然而我們當(dāng)時(shí)只是一廂情愿地認(rèn)為這種變化不會(huì)影響到我們。所以我認(rèn)為,率先變化比對(duì)變化做出反應(yīng)和調(diào)整要強(qiáng)得多。也許,我們應(yīng)該做的就是移走我們自己的奶酪。”
“你的意思是……”弗蘭克問。
內(nèi)森回答說:“我不禁在想,如果當(dāng)初我們賣掉我們商店的不動(dòng)產(chǎn),建立一個(gè)大型的現(xiàn)代化商場去與那些超級(jí)商場競爭,結(jié)果又會(huì)是怎樣?”
勞拉說:“也許這就是唧唧寫在墻上的意思‘嘗試冒險(xiǎn),與奶酪一起變動(dòng)’。”
弗蘭克說:“我現(xiàn)在認(rèn)識(shí)到,如果我很早就隨著我的‘奶酪’移動(dòng),我會(huì)好得多。但我覺得有些東西是應(yīng)該保持不變的,例如,我們的基本價(jià)值觀。”
“噢,邁克爾,這真是一個(gè)有意義的小故事。”理查德說,他是班上的懷疑論者,“但是,我們究竟應(yīng)該怎樣把它實(shí)際運(yùn)用到我們的生活中去呢?”
大家都不知道,但理查德自己的生活正在經(jīng)歷某些變化。最近,他和妻子離婚了,因此他既要做好工作又要照顧好十幾歲的孩子。
邁克爾回答說:“你知道嗎?以前我的工作就是處理每天正在發(fā)生的問題?,F(xiàn)在我發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)際上我應(yīng)該做的是,朝前看,把注意力放在我們公司發(fā)展的大方向上,而不是不斷地應(yīng)付眼前的小事。”
“我整個(gè)人都投入到處理這些枝節(jié)問題中去了——一天二十四小時(shí),感覺不到任何樂趣。我陷入老鼠賽跑的圈子,無法跑出來。”
“所以,你總是為瑣事糾纏無暇喘息,而其實(shí)你更應(yīng)該抽身出來,主動(dòng)支配時(shí)間。”勞拉說。
“確實(shí)如此。”邁克爾說:“后來,當(dāng)我聽到‘誰動(dòng)了我的奶酪’的故事后,我認(rèn)識(shí)到我的工作應(yīng)該是描繪一幅‘新奶酪’的圖景——公司全體員工希望追尋的‘新奶酪’,然后將這新奶酪清晰、真實(shí)地呈現(xiàn)在所有員工的面前。這樣,我們才會(huì)享受到變化和成功的喜悅,不論是在工作中還是在生活中。”
內(nèi)森問道:“你在工作中是怎樣去做的?”
“喔,我問我們公司里的人,他們是故事中的誰,發(fā)現(xiàn)我們公司中這四種角色都有。我看到了嗅嗅、匆匆、哼哼和唧唧,每一種角色都需要區(qū)別對(duì)待。”
“我們的嗅嗅能夠敏銳地嗅出市場的變化,以便我們能夠及時(shí)調(diào)整公司的戰(zhàn)略。公司鼓勵(lì)他們?nèi)プR(shí)別哪些變化會(huì)影響到顧客對(duì)新產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的需求。嗅嗅們喜歡這項(xiàng)工作,他們告訴我,他們喜歡在這樣的環(huán)境中工作,在這里他們能夠識(shí)別變化并及時(shí)做出調(diào)整。”
“我們的匆匆喜歡做事,在公司的新戰(zhàn)略中,他們被鼓勵(lì)去采取行動(dòng)。他們只需要稍加引導(dǎo),以免跑錯(cuò)了方向。公司獲得了新奶酪,這應(yīng)歸功于他們的行動(dòng)。他們喜歡在這樣的公司里工作,在這里能夠體現(xiàn)行動(dòng)的結(jié)果和價(jià)值。”
“那么,哼哼們和唧唧們又怎樣呢?”安杰拉問道。
“不幸的是,哼哼們就像是船錨想使我們停下來,”邁克爾說:“他們或者是太在意享受眼前的安逸,或者是過分害怕改變。不過當(dāng)我向他們展示了具體的景象,并說明變化將會(huì)帶來的好處時(shí),有些哼哼最終改變了。”
“我們的哼哼們說,他們想要在一個(gè)安全的環(huán)境下工作,所以,變化應(yīng)在他們所能接受的范圍內(nèi)增加安全感。然而當(dāng)我讓他們認(rèn)識(shí)到僵化不變的可怕時(shí),其中有些人發(fā)生了改變,而且干得不錯(cuò)。這種景象便許多的哼哼變成了唧唧。”
“對(duì)那些沒有改變的哼哼,你們?cè)趺崔k呢?”弗蘭克問道。
“我們不得不讓他們走人。”邁克爾黯然答道:“我們希望留下所有的員工,但我們清楚,我們必須要迅速而充分地改變,否則我們?nèi)w都陷入麻煩之中。”
他又說:“我們的唧唧們起初還有些猶豫,值得欣慰的是,他們思想開放,樂于去學(xué)習(xí)新的東西,及時(shí)調(diào)整并付諸實(shí)施,從而使我們獲得成功。”
“他們甚至開始期待變化而且積極地尋求變化。他們了解大家究竟想要什么,和我們一起描繪出一幅實(shí)際可行的新奶酪的美景圖,讓所有的人充滿期待并積極行動(dòng)起來。”
“他們說他們希望在這樣的組織中工作,能夠給人自信和變化的工具。在我們追隨新奶酪的過程中,他們還給我們帶來了許多迎接挑戰(zhàn)的樂趣。”
理查德揶揄道:“沒想到你從一個(gè)小故事中得到了這么多東西?”
邁克爾笑了:“因?yàn)槲也]有僅僅停留在聽故事的層面上,而是從中找到了我想要的東西,并且采取了行動(dòng)。”