兩獲世博獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的清代鼻煙壺

鼻煙壺曾是舶來(lái)品，明朝時(shí)候由意大利傳教士帶來(lái)中國(guó)。但是經(jīng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)改頭換面之后，其制作和繪畫(huà)技術(shù)日益精致，成為身份、品味的象征。在1862年倫敦世博會(huì)和1915年巴拿馬世博會(huì)上，中國(guó)的鼻煙壺都曾獲得獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?/p>

"鼻煙壺"的英語(yǔ)是snuff bottle，這個(gè)是特指中國(guó)清代開(kāi)始流行使用的鼻煙壺，而其西方原型被稱為snuff box。

Original snuff bottles from the Qing period are a desirable target for serious collectors and museums. A good bottle has an extra quality over and above its exquisite beauty and value: that is touch. Snuff bottles were made to be held and so, as a rule, they have a wonderful tactile quality.
清代鼻煙壺是很珍貴的藏品，其珍貴之處不僅在于外形和價(jià)值，還在于其手感。鼻煙壺是被人握在手中把玩的，所以有著很細(xì)膩的質(zhì)地和觸感。

Snuff bottles were made out of many different materials including porcelain, jade, ivory, wood, tortoiseshell, metal and ceramic, though probably the most commonly used material was glass.
鼻煙壺有多種材質(zhì)，有瓷質(zhì)的，玉質(zhì)的，象牙質(zhì)的，木質(zhì)的，龜殼質(zhì)的，金屬質(zhì)的和陶瓷質(zhì)，最普通的就是玻璃質(zhì)地的。

在世博會(huì)上拿獎(jiǎng)的是內(nèi)畫(huà)鼻煙壺，inside-painted snuff bottles。所謂內(nèi)畫(huà)，就是用特制的細(xì)筆，在鼻煙壺內(nèi)手繪出精致的圖畫(huà)：

The class of bottle that arouses most interest  is that known as inside painted. These are glass bottles which have pictures and often calligraphy painted on the inside surface of the glass.These delightful scenes are only an inch or two high and are painted while manipulating the brush through the neck of the bottle.
鼻煙壺中人們最感興趣的就是內(nèi)畫(huà)鼻煙壺，也就是在壺的內(nèi)部進(jìn)行繪畫(huà)或者書(shū)法創(chuàng)作。壺內(nèi)的圖案只有一兩尺高，是通過(guò)將畫(huà)筆塞進(jìn)壺嘴來(lái)進(jìn)行繪制的。

內(nèi)畫(huà)鼻煙壺今天仍然有制作，作為一種純粹的藝術(shù)品，鼻煙壺已經(jīng)抹去了最初的實(shí)用價(jià)值。在壺內(nèi)進(jìn)行手繪的這門(mén)技藝，卻一代代傳了下來(lái)，成為傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)中的精粹。