The European idea of fashion as a personal statement rather than a cultural expression begins in the 16th century: ten portraits of German or Italian gentlemen may show ten entirely different hats.But the local culture still set the bounds, as Albrecht Dürer recorded in his actual or composite contrast of Nuremberg and Venetian fashions at the close of the 15th century (illustration, right).
歐洲時尚理念作為一個個人陳述,而不是一種文化表達開始于16世紀:十幅德國或者意大利紳士的肖像圖,可能會展示了十頂完全不同的帽子。但是當?shù)匚幕匀皇侵饕膬?nèi)容,就像阿爾布雷希特·丟勒在15世紀末時,記錄他真實的和綜合的對紐倫堡和威尼斯時尚的比較。