9類雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤解讀 以錯(cuò)為鑒可漲分?jǐn)?shù)
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一：句子連接
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
1. Modern communication technology is progressing at a rapid pace, the volume and extent of cultural transmissions in the contemporary period have far exceeded those of earlier eras.
2. Modern communication technology is progressing at a rapid pace, therefore the volume and extent of cultural transmissions in the contemporary period have far exceeded those of earlier eras.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
1、逗號(hào)不能連接具有完整主謂賓的句子;
2、有大量同學(xué)認(rèn)為此時(shí)加上一個(gè)表因果的詞”therefore”就可以連接兩個(gè)句子了，但therefore是副詞，同樣不能連接兩個(gè)完整的句子
- 改正后：
1. Modern communication technology is progressing at a rapid pace, so the volume and extent of cultural transmissions in the contemporary period have far exceeded those of earlier eras.
2. Modern communication technology is progressing at a rapid pace; therefore, the volume and extent of cultural transmissions in the contemporary period have far exceeded those of earlier eras.
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤二：句式雜糅 (run-on sentence)
- 概念解釋：
A run-on is a sentence in which two or more independent clauses (i.e., complete sentences) are joined without appropriate punctuation or conjunction.
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
There are many students go abroad.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
大量考生忽視了中英文寫(xiě)作表達(dá)的區(qū)別，常常按照中文句子的分割方式，從意義出發(fā)，只要意思沒(méi)表達(dá)完，便可以一句連一句地寫(xiě)下去，直至內(nèi)容結(jié)束，即出現(xiàn)“一逗到底”的斷句方式;而英文句子是按照結(jié)構(gòu)分割的，只要句子含有完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，就可以獨(dú)立成句。那么，上述例子中的錯(cuò)誤就是將兩個(gè)單句”There are many students.”和”Many students go abroad.”想當(dāng)然地混合在了一起。
- 改正后：
方法一：去掉根據(jù)中文直譯而多余的”there be”，直接恢復(fù)成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句
Many students go abroad.
句子簡(jiǎn)單明了，符合英文習(xí)慣。
方法二：將其中一個(gè)句子保留作為主體句，同時(shí)將另外一個(gè)句子變成主體句的從屬成分或是從句
There are many students going abroad.
There are many students who go abroad.
滿足了部分考生對(duì)使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或復(fù)雜句的需求。
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤三：不一致
- 概念解釋：
包括主謂不一致、數(shù)的不一致、時(shí)態(tài)不一致、代詞不一致、比較對(duì)象不一致等
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
1. The average life span in the 1980’s was much longer than 1880’s.
2. A series of debates between the two lecturers were scheduled for the next weekend.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
1、比較對(duì)象不一致，在使用形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)時(shí)，我們往往容易受漢語(yǔ)的影響，忽略了比較對(duì)象應(yīng)該一致的問(wèn)題。
2、主謂不一致，本句主語(yǔ)是series
- 改正后：
1. The average life span in the 1980’s was much longer than that in the 1880’s.
2. A series of debates between the two lecturers was scheduled for the next weekend.
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤四：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
We need several evidences to demonstrate the validity of this argument.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
通常evidence用作不可數(shù)名詞。若“一條證據(jù)”，用a piece of evidence;若“很多證據(jù)”，可以用”plentiful”, ”ample”, “abundant”, “a mass of”, “a body of”等
- 改正后：
We need several evidence to demonstrate the validity of this argument.
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤五：冠詞誤用
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
1. The disagreement promotes further exploration.
2. Disagreement of these two economists’ opinions on the prediction encouraged them to delve into more thorough research.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
1、“分歧促進(jìn)深入探索”，此時(shí)的disagreement應(yīng)該為泛指，不需要the;2、“這兩位經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家關(guān)于預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果的意見(jiàn)的分歧激勵(lì)他們進(jìn)行更全面的研究”，這里的”disagreement”應(yīng)該是特指這兩個(gè)人的意見(jiàn)的分歧，所以需要”the”。
- 改正后：
1. Disagreement promotes further exploration.
2. The disagreement of these two economists’ opinions on the prediction encouraged them to delve into more thorough research.
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤六：從句誤用
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
1. This is apparently the most reasonable solution which can change the situation.
2. The author claims this new air traffic control system will work well and it allows more planes to be in the air more safely and able to fly more direct routes.
3. No matter who has the courage to challenge the authority is likely to succeed.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
1、定語(yǔ)從句修飾的先行詞solution被形容成最高級(jí)the most resonable修飾，所以定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用that引導(dǎo)而非which;
2、正規(guī)書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，賓語(yǔ)從句的that一般不省略，此句中claim后面引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，考生經(jīng)常忽略第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that;
3、no matter who只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而whoever既可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。
- 改正后：
1. This is apparently the most reasonable solution that can change the situation.
2. The author claims that this new air traffic control system will work well and that it allows more planes to be in the air more safely and able to fly more direct routes.
3. Whoever has the courage to challenge the authority is likely to succeed.
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤七：混淆語(yǔ)態(tài)
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
Comparing to the first opinion, the second one makes more sense.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”compare”的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該和主句主語(yǔ)”the second one”一致，而”opinion”不能主動(dòng)去比較。
- 改正后：
Compared to the first opinion, the second one makes more sense.
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤八：代詞誤用
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
1. My son is the only one whom I would be very concerned about if my husband and me were to separate.
2. If you complain that Bangkok has lost its exotic flavor, China town will be the answer.
3. The witness wanted to offer anonymous testimony. They were afraid of getting hurt if their names were spread.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
1、用作主語(yǔ)，要用人稱代詞的主格而不是賓格;
2、學(xué)術(shù)性文章盡量避免第一人稱和第二人稱。第一人稱易使文章顯得片面而主觀，第二人稱會(huì)讓文章看上去很有指控性，即把責(zé)任都推到了讀者身上;
3、用第三人稱進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作時(shí)，往往在需要單數(shù)的時(shí)候?qū)懗闪藦?fù)數(shù)形式。
- 改正后：
1. My son is the only one whom I would be very concerned about if my husband and I were to separate.
2. For those who complain that Bangkok has lost its exotic flavor, China town is the answer.
3. The witness wanted to offer anonymous testimony. He or she was afraid of getting hurt if his or her name was spread.
雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤九：大詞誤用
- 錯(cuò)誤范例：
Obviously, he gets a sanguine opinion so he can ignore lots of difficulties.
- 錯(cuò)誤原因分析：
“很顯然，他天性樂(lè)觀，所以能夠克服許多困難”。句中”sanguine”這個(gè)詞是非常正式的書(shū)面語(yǔ)，用在這里和作者的get, ignore等不精準(zhǔn)的表達(dá)方式明顯格格不入。
- 改正后：
1. Obviously, he has been quite optimistic, so he could overcome so many difficulties. (舍棄sanguine，整句話較為平實(shí)但不失準(zhǔn)確)
2. Obviously, it is his sanguine attitude that enables him to surmount all the difficulties. (保留sanguine，句式和表達(dá)的改變讓句子更加凝練且重點(diǎn)突出)
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