然而在實(shí)際的運(yùn)用過程中,很多考生運(yùn)用的名人名言,都不是真正意義上的名人名言,或者說是名人名言,但是由于過多的人引用,結(jié)果卻成了陳詞濫調(diào),也就是跟俗語一樣的常用,不能發(fā)揮增加文章說服力的作用,如果你只能想到這些非常常用的名人名言時(shí),建議你最好就不要寫了,因?yàn)楹芏嗳硕加眠@幾個(gè)句子的話,那么你的文章就可能會(huì)落入俗套,甚至有可能影響考官客觀的評(píng)價(jià)你的文章思路,例如 every coin has two sides,there is a will, there is a way, Rome is not built in a day.等都是寫可寫可不寫的廢話。而且就這個(gè)問題,已經(jīng)有很多的專家學(xué)者對(duì)考生提出了忠告。
2、最解決問題的方法
最重要的就是平常要多多的積累,很多考生在GRE的作文中拿高分,拿滿分,當(dāng)然他們不一定是全部都引用了名人名言,他們也有可能是通過自己的邏輯思維,博得滿堂彩。但是你閱讀那些非常之牛人的文章時(shí),不難發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的文章只要引用了名人名言,這些名人名言就一定能夠讓整篇文章 “亮”起來,或者說讓整篇文章看起來很COOL!那么這些名人名言從哪里來呢?平常多看看《Fortune》、《Time》、《National Geographic》等雜志,快速瀏覽??吹胶玫氖吕?,好的語句,把它們摘錄下來,作為寫作文可以用的素材。只要看到漂亮的句子就記下來。時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了,頭腦里的語料庫(kù)自然就形成了。這些語料一定是原汁原味的英語,“地道地輸入,寫作時(shí)才能地道地輸出”。 GRE滿分作文的牛人張寧說,他在作文第二段引用了《克林頓自傳》中的內(nèi)容;第三段引用了《美麗人生》的主人公約翰·那什的演講發(fā)言;第四段引用了布什在“哥倫比亞”號(hào)宇宙飛船失事后的悼詞演講。有英語老師講評(píng)說,文章如此銜接連貫、與眾不同,地道地“輸出美國(guó)人喜聞樂見的英語”,得高分正在意料之中。下面簡(jiǎn)單列舉一些較好的名人名言。
There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of gaining its numinous summits. (Karl Marx, German revolutionary)
The world can be changed by man"s endeavor, and that this endeavor can lead to something new and better .No man can sever the bonds that unite him to his society simply by averting his eyes. He must ever be receptive and sensitive to the new; and have sufficient courage and skill to novel facts and to deal with them. (Franklin Roosevelt, American President)
"You find out who your friends are. Some people didn"t have much to do with me when I was down. I"ve got a long memory." (Lanny Wadkins)
3、最投機(jī)取巧,但也很常用的方法
還有一種情況就是這里的名人名言的主語“名人”不是很有名,例如只是某學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng),或是比較模糊的某某教授,某位一直都沒有“出名”的哲人之類的,遇到這種情況也沒有關(guān)系,記得新東方的老師曾經(jīng)教過,實(shí)在沒有辦法的時(shí)候就編印度人阿拉伯人的名字,多用一些h啊j啊k啊等沒用的字母來編名字,比較像一點(diǎn)。但是這種方法比較危險(xiǎn),對(duì)于一個(gè)純西方人,當(dāng)然不容易發(fā)現(xiàn)你說的名字的錯(cuò)誤,不過,如果判卷人就是印度籍或阿拉伯籍,那么你就撞在槍口上了,這個(gè)方法還是不怎么好用的。建議我們可以通通將這些人叫做professor, 或者是philosopher, 然后用自己的話將這些“名人名言”解釋一遍,最后,記得要在解釋完之后,加上個(gè)I paraphrase字樣。下面就是一些作文中的例子。
As the head of Pharmacology at my university once said (and I paraphrase):"I can only research what I do because there are so many who have come before me to whom I can turn for basic knowledge. It is only because of each of the narrowly focused individuals at each step that a full and true understanding of the complexities of life can be had. Each person can only hold enough knowledge to add one small rung to the ladder, but together we can climb to the moon."
A famous philosopher said that "different people like different flowers; there is no one the same." (I paraphrase)Different people have their different understandings of social life, like the lines which not paralleled which connect (I mean it as the same as conflict in our social life) is inevitable If we know where the connections are, we can diminish variety forms of conflict.