Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the reward of education based on the statistics provided in the chart below. Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
審題立意
1. 導(dǎo)語(yǔ)解讀：要求考生根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)條形圖的內(nèi)容就“教育的回報(bào)”這一話題進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)述，并對(duì)圖表反映的現(xiàn)象做出評(píng)價(jià)。
2. 圖表解讀：圖表是美國(guó)人口普查局發(fā)布的一份統(tǒng)計(jì)表，反映的是平均收入和受教育程度的關(guān)系。顯然，受教育程度越高，平均收入就越高。
3. 文章立意：受教育程度與收入情況成正比。原因是多方面的，比如受教育程度越高，在公司獲得的職位就可能越高；由于他們具有不可替代性，公司對(duì)他們的投資很高。
寫作思路
1. 第一段簡(jiǎn)要描述圖表內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明圖表反映出的主題。
2. 第二段分析產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因：首先，高學(xué)歷通常代表高能力，容易獲得高職位；其次，高學(xué)歷的人才不容易被勞動(dòng)力取代，從而要求單位付出更多的投資。
3. 第三段呼應(yīng)文章論點(diǎn)，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)歷與收入成正比。
參考范文
As can be seen from the bar chart given above, there exist great differences in the average earnings among people with different educational attainment. Roughly, people’s average earnings are in direct proportion to their educational attainment. That is, the higher a person’s degree is, the higher income he or she is likely to get. 1
Several reasons can be identified to account for this phenomenon. 2 On the one hand 3 , with the rapid development of technology and the adjustment of industrial structure, a growing number of high-tech industries have sprung up. Since higher degree usually stands for stronger ability, people with higher degree tend to get positions with higher salaries. On the other hand 3 , people with bachelor’s degree or even higher degrees usually master the skills of a high-tech job. It is impossible to replace them with pure laborers, which implies that to keep these talents, the company needs to invest more in them.
To sum up, because of the unique advantages that people with higher educational attainment own, they tend to get more reward than those with lower degree. 4
如上面的柱狀圖所示，擁有不同教育程度的人們?cè)谄骄杖肷洗嬖诤艽蟛町?。人們的平均收入與受教育水平大致成正比，也就是說(shuō)，一個(gè)人的學(xué)歷越高，他／她的收入也可能越高。
造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因有幾個(gè)。一方面，隨著技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展和工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，大量的高科技企業(yè)大量涌現(xiàn)。由于高學(xué)歷通常代表著高能力，擁有高學(xué)歷的人往往容易獲得薪水更高的工作。另一方面，擁有學(xué)士及更高學(xué)歷的人通常掌握著高科技的技術(shù)，不可能被純勞動(dòng)力替換，也就意味著單位要留住這些高技能人才，就需要付出更多的投資。
總而言之，由于高學(xué)歷人才所具有的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)，他們更容易比低學(xué)歷的人們獲得更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)。
范文點(diǎn)評(píng)
1. 開篇簡(jiǎn)要描述圖表內(nèi)容，首先是整體描述，接著對(duì)柱狀圖中數(shù)據(jù)的變化趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述，暗示背后的隱含意思。
2. 自然過(guò)渡，由對(duì)圖表反映的現(xiàn)象轉(zhuǎn)入分析現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因。
3. 從兩方面闡釋圖表所示變化產(chǎn)生的原因，條理清晰，層次分明。
4. 末段總結(jié)全文，重申觀點(diǎn)，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)受教育程度與收入的關(guān)系。
要點(diǎn)用法
educational attainment 受教育程度
roughly adv. 大致，概略地
in proportion to 與……成比例
identify v. 識(shí)別，分辨出
account for 對(duì)……做出說(shuō)明（或解釋）
phenomenon n. 現(xiàn)象
spring up 涌現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)
tend to 趨向，易于
句法點(diǎn)評(píng)
1. Roughly, people’s average earnings are in direct proportion to their educational attainment.
本句中含有be in direct proportion to這一表達(dá)，意為“與……成正比”。
2. Several reasons can be identified to account for this phenomenon.
這句話用作第二段的主題句，闡明現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因。類似的表達(dá)還有It is not hard to find causes for the difference shown in the bar chart given above.
