The Side Effects of Examination
Nowadays the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject in most colleges and universities. Although it is efficient, its side effects are also enormous.
On the one hand, examinations lower the standards of teaching. Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques. No subjects can be taught successfully with intent to take examinations. On the other hand, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits. As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.
In fact, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students' academic development. If that is the case, why cannot we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations? (153 words)
結(jié)構(gòu)剖析
文章分為三段
第一段引出話題： 許多學(xué)校將考試作為一名學(xué)生是否掌握知識(shí)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但是考試的副作用也很大。
第二段用on the one hand... on the other hand...的結(jié)構(gòu)給出了原因。首先考試降低了教學(xué)水準(zhǔn)，另一方面考試將助長(zhǎng)不良學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。
第三段做出總結(jié)，最后提出建議：設(shè)計(jì)出一些比考試更有效、更可靠的東西。
考試的副作用
現(xiàn)在在大多數(shù)學(xué)院和大學(xué)，考試被用來(lái)衡量學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)某門課程上是成功還是失敗的主要方法。雖然這很有效，但它也有很大的副作用。
一方面，考試降低了教學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。由于經(jīng)常通過(guò)考試成績(jī)來(lái)評(píng)判老師，他們就會(huì)降低要求至只訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的考試技巧。以參加考試為目標(biāo)的話，沒(méi)有課程能被成功地教授。另一方面，最有害的影響就是，老師助長(zhǎng)了學(xué)生不好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。由于考試成績(jī)是評(píng)斷他學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，學(xué)生被迫機(jī)械地記憶，而不是進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的思考。
事實(shí)上，我們中很少有人承認(rèn)考試對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)的發(fā)展有任何真正重要的作用。如果真的是這樣的話，為什么我們不做個(gè)改變，設(shè)計(jì)出一些比考試更有效更可靠的東西呢?
chief adj. 主要的
master v. 掌握
side effect 副作用
enormous adj. 巨大的
intent n. 意圖，意向
undesirable adj. 不良的
criterion n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
mechanically adv. 機(jī)械地
creatively adv. 創(chuàng)造性地
contribute to 為......作貢獻(xiàn)
devise v. 設(shè)計(jì)
reliable adj. 可靠的
1. Nowadays the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject in most colleges and universities. 現(xiàn)在在大多數(shù)學(xué)院和大學(xué)，考試被用來(lái)衡量學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)某門課程上是成功還是失敗的主要方法。
2. Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques. 由于經(jīng)常通過(guò)考試成績(jī)來(lái)評(píng)判老師，他們就會(huì)降低要求至只訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的考試技巧。
3. As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.由于考試成績(jī)是評(píng)斷他學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，學(xué)生被迫機(jī)械地記憶，而不是進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的思考。
