1-1 對(duì)立法 :先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 適用于有爭(zhēng)議性的主題。
e.g
[1]。 When asked about.。..。, the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that 。..。..。 But I think/view a bit differently. 在談到。..。.,廣大/絕大多數(shù)人的要求說(shuō)。..。..。但我覺(jué)得/觀點(diǎn)有點(diǎn)不同。
[2]。 When it comes to 。..。 , some people believe that 。..。..。 Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true 。 There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements , but (I tend to the previous/latter ) 當(dāng)涉及到。..。有些人認(rèn)為。..。..。一些人則認(rèn)為/聲稱(chēng),相反/恰恰相反。可能有一些在兩個(gè)參數(shù)真理/報(bào)表,但(我更傾向于前/后
[3]。 Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that 。..。 They claim/ believe/argue that 。.. But I wonder/doubt whether.。..。.
現(xiàn)在,它通常是/一般/普遍認(rèn)為/月/承認(rèn),。..。他們聲稱(chēng)/相信/認(rèn)為。..不過(guò),我懷疑/懷疑。..。.
1-2 現(xiàn)象法 引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問(wèn)題, 然后評(píng)論 。
e.g
[1]。 Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) 。.. has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern. 最近上升的問(wèn)題/(現(xiàn)象)。..已造成/引起公眾/流行/寬/舉世關(guān)注
[2]。 Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of 。..has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention) 最近,問(wèn)題的問(wèn)題/ 。..的現(xiàn)象已成為注意的焦點(diǎn)。 (已經(jīng)被brouth公眾的注意)
[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality 。.. is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
----- To be continued !! 通貨膨脹/貪污/社會(huì)不平等。..又是新的和痛苦的真理,我們必須學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)的/不斷另一個(gè)。
1-3 觀點(diǎn)法 ----開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩?duì)要討論的問(wèn)題的看法。
e.g:
[1]。 Never history has the change of 。. been as evident as 。.. Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/id dea of 。. be more visible/popular than.。. 歷史上從未有改變的。.被明顯的,因?yàn)椤?.在世界任何地方/中國(guó)有問(wèn)題/思想的。.更可見(jiàn)/受歡迎的程度。..
[2]。 Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that.。. 現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人/大量開(kāi)始/來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)/接受/(知道)的。..
[3]。 Now there is a growing awareness/recognition ot the necessity to.。..。.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of 。..。.. 現(xiàn)在,人們?nèi)找嬲J(rèn)識(shí)/認(rèn)識(shí)到有必要逾。..。..現(xiàn)在,人們?cè)絹?lái)越認(rèn)識(shí)到/的重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)。..。..
[4]。 Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.。..。.. 也許現(xiàn)在是有一個(gè)重新審視的態(tài)度/想法。..。..。
1-4 引用法----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 來(lái)引出文章要展開(kāi)論述的觀點(diǎn)!
e.g:
[1]。 “Knowledge is power.” such is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people 。 “知識(shí)就是力量。”這就是由培根說(shuō)了。這句話也有同樣的越來(lái)越多的人。
“Education is not complete with graduation.” Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion. “教育是不完整的畢業(yè)。”這就是一個(gè)偉大的美國(guó)哲學(xué)家的意見(jiàn)?,F(xiàn)在,越來(lái)越多的人分享他的意見(jiàn)。
[2]。“.。..。..。.” How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this 。 “。..。..。..”如何我們經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到這樣的聲明/放入系統(tǒng)一樣的話/本。
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this “。..。..”。在我們自己的日子,我們都已經(jīng)習(xí)慣聽(tīng)到這樣的傳統(tǒng)抱怨,因?yàn)檫@“。..。..”。
1-5 比較法 ------ 通過(guò)對(duì)過(guò)去,現(xiàn)在 兩種不同的傾向,觀點(diǎn)的比較 , 引出文章要討論的觀點(diǎn)。
e.g:
[1]。 For years, 。..had been viewed as 。.. But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing 。.. , people 。..。..。 . 多年來(lái),。..已被視為。..但是,人們正在以新面貌了。隨著越來(lái)越多。.. ,人。..。..。 。
[2]。 People used to think that 。.. (In the past, 。..。) But people now share this new. 人們?cè)?jīng)以為。.. (過(guò)去,。..。)但是,人們現(xiàn)在這個(gè)新的共享。
1-6 故事法 ----先講一個(gè)較短的故事來(lái)引發(fā)讀者的興趣, 引出文章的主題。
e.g:
[1]。 Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt 。..。 The phenomenon of 。.. has aroused public concern. 一旦(報(bào)紙),我閱讀/學(xué)習(xí)。..。的現(xiàn)象。..引起市民關(guān)注
[2]。 I have a friend who 。.. Should he 。..。 ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life. 我有一個(gè)朋友誰(shuí)。..如果他。..。 ?這樣的困境,我們常常遇到在我們的日常生活的。
[3]。 Once upon a time , there lived a man who 。.. This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now. 從前,有一位男子誰(shuí)。..這個(gè)故事可能是(難以置信),但它仍然有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義現(xiàn)在
1-7 問(wèn)題法 ----- 先用討論或解答的設(shè)問(wèn), 引出自己觀點(diǎn), 適用于有爭(zhēng)議性的話題。
e.g:
Should/What 。..。.. ? Options of 。.. vary greatly , some 。.., others 。..
But in my opinion , 。..。.. 。 應(yīng)/什么。..。.. ?的選項(xiàng)。..差別很大,有些。..,有的。..但我認(rèn)為,。..。.. 。