初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：數(shù)詞

定義：表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞，數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞;表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。

I基數(shù)詞

1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成

(1)1-20

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty

(2)21-99 先說(shuō)“幾十”，再說(shuō)“幾”，中間加連字符。

23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one

(3)101—999先說(shuō)“幾百”，再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);

586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three

(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù)，每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)“,”,第一個(gè)“,”前為thousand.第二個(gè)“,”前為

million,第三個(gè)“,”前為billion(美式)或thousand ,million(英式),然后一節(jié)一節(jié)地表示。

1,001→one thousand and one

9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five

18,423→eighteen thousand, four hundred and twenty-three

6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine

750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion(美式) seven hundred and fifty thousand million(英式)

1.2.基數(shù)詞的用法

(1)作主語(yǔ)

eg.Four Of them come from Paris.

(2)作賓語(yǔ)

eg.一 How many books would you like?

一I would like two.

(3)作表語(yǔ)

eg.Seven minus two is five.

(4)作定語(yǔ)

eg.There are three people in my family•

(5)作同位語(yǔ)

eg. You two will go swimming with us.

(6)表具體數(shù)字時(shí),hundred, thousand ,million用單數(shù)。

eg. There are six hundred students in our grade.

(7)表不確定的數(shù)字時(shí),數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。若帶名詞，再加of。 hundreds of(數(shù)百,成百上千的),thousands of(數(shù)干,成千上萬(wàn)的),millions of(數(shù)百萬(wàn))two thousand (兩千)

Thousands and thousands of people have visited the city.成千上萬(wàn)的人參觀了這座城市。

(8)在一些表示“一排”或“一組”的詞組里;

eg,They arrived in two sand threes.他們?nèi)齼蓛傻貋?lái)了。

(9)表示“…十”的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)可以表示人的歲數(shù)或年代。

eg. He is in his early thirties.他有三十來(lái)歲(31—34歲)：

This took place in the 1930s.這事發(fā)生在二十世紀(jì)三十年代;

(10)表示時(shí)刻

鐘點(diǎn)表達(dá)法。

順讀法(鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘) 如：4:30 four thirty 4:45 four forty-five 4:15 four fifteen 倒讀法(分鐘+to/past+鐘點(diǎn))

如：4:30 half past four

4:15 fifteen past four/a quarter past four 4:45 fifteen to five/a quarter to five

eg.I watch CCTV News at seven o’clock every evening.

(11)表示百分?jǐn)?shù)

百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式是：基數(shù)詞+ percent(單數(shù)形式)+of+名詞。如：

Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities. 我班30%的學(xué)生來(lái)自城市。

About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water. 大約61%的表面被水覆蓋著。

(12)小數(shù)的讀法：小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作"point"，小數(shù)后各位數(shù)要分別讀， 小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的數(shù)若為"0"可略去不讀。

Examples： 2.468 讀作：two point four six eight

0.157 讀作：(zero)point one five seven

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