American Etiquette
If you’ re invited to an American friend’s home for dinner,keep in mind1) these general rules for polite behavior.First of all,arrive approximately2) on time (but not early).Americans expect promptness3).It’ s OK to be 10or 15minutes late but not 45minutes late.Dinner might be overcooked and ruined by then.When you’ re invited to someone’ s home for a meal,it’ s polite to bring a small gift.Flowers or candy are always appropriate.If you have an attractive item made in your native country,your host and /or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift.
Some Americans don’ t know about the dietary restrictions of various ethnic and religious groups.What do you do if you’ re served a food that you don’ t like or cannot eat?Don’ t make a fuss about it.If your host doesn’ t say anything about what you aren’ t eating,then you shouldn’ t,either.Simply eat what you can and hope that no one notices what you left.If you are questioned,you may have to admit that you don’ t eat meat(or whatever),but you can also say that you’ ve enjoyed the other foods and have had“more than enough”to eat.Don’ t make the cook feel obliged to prepare something else for you.Be sure to compliment the cook on the food that you enjoyed.
Don’ t leave immediately after dinner,but don’ t overstay your welcome,either.When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation,take their behavior as a cue to leave.The next day,call or write a thank-you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening.
If you invite someone to join you for d inner in a restaurant,phone the restaurant first to find out if you need a reservation in order to avoid a long wait for a table.To make a reservation,just give your name,the number of people in your group,and the time you plan to arrive.When you invite someone to dinner,you should be prepared to pay the bill and reach for it when it arrives.However,if your companion insists on paying his or her share,don’ t get into an argument about it.Some people prefer to pay their own way so that they don’ t feel indebted4),and those feelings should be respected.In most American restaurants,the waiter or waitress’s tip is not added to the bill.If the service was adequate,it’ s customary to leave a tip equal to about 15%of the bill.In expensive restaurants,leave a bit more.
American table manners are easy to learn by observation.A few characteristics to note:the napkin should not be tucked into the collar or vest but should be placed across the lap;the silverware5) placement is quite different from the European style,but you can’t go wrong if you use the piece of silverware furthest from the plate first and work your way in toward the plate as the meal progresses.Before cutting food,so me Americans switch their knife and fork to the opposite hands,but it isn’ t necessary to do this.
美國人進餐的禮節(jié)
如果你應(yīng)邀去一位美國朋友家共進晚餐,你應(yīng)該記住以下這些禮貌行事的常規(guī)。首先,爭取按時到達(但不要早到)。美國人希望守時。晚10分鐘或15分鐘并不成問題,但不應(yīng)遲到45分鐘。因為到那時菜肴或許會因烹飪時間過長而失去應(yīng)有的美味。你應(yīng)約去人家吃飯時,不妨帶件小禮物以示禮貌。鮮花或糖果總是很相宜的。如果你帶上件自己國家的特產(chǎn),主人肯定會高興地收下這一禮物。
有些美國人并不知道來自不同種族或有不同宗教信仰的人的飲食禁忌。如果你的盤中有你不喜歡吃或不能吃的東西,你該怎么辦?可別大驚小怪的。如果主人對你不吃某種食物并沒說些什么,那你也不要提起。只管吃你能吃的,也但愿人家沒有注意你所剩的東西。如果你被問起,不妨承認(rèn)你不吃肉(或別的什么),但你也可以說你吃了許多其它的飯菜,已經(jīng)飽得不能再吃了。不應(yīng)讓準(zhǔn)備飯菜的人覺得還應(yīng)為你做些別的。一定要向廚師表示你對喜歡的菜肴的贊美。
不要吃完就走,但也不應(yīng)逗留過長。如果你的朋友看上去已有些疲倦,你們似乎也沒什么可聊的了,不妨看作是該告辭的時候。第二天,給朋友打個電話或?qū)憘€感謝卡以表明自己昨晚過得很愉快。
如果你請別人去餐館吃飯,應(yīng)先給餐館打個電話詢問是否需要預(yù)定,以防到時為個桌位等候半天。預(yù)定時,只需說出你的名字、進餐人數(shù)和時間即可。你要是請人家吃飯,就應(yīng)準(zhǔn)備付賬單,賬單遞上時應(yīng)立即接過來。但如果你的同伴堅持各付各的,你也不必跟他/她爭執(zhí)不休。有些人愿意分?jǐn)?,這樣就不會感到欠人情,應(yīng)該尊重這種心理。在大多數(shù)美國餐館中,侍者的小費并不算在賬單內(nèi)。如果服務(wù)令你滿意,依慣例你應(yīng)留下約為賬單15%的小費。在較高級的餐館進餐后,應(yīng)留下更多的小費。
美國人餐桌上的禮節(jié)經(jīng)觀察后還是容易掌握的。請注意如下一些特點:餐巾不應(yīng)塞進衣領(lǐng)或背心內(nèi),而應(yīng)放在腿上;餐具的擺法與歐式擺法大不相同,但只要你先從離餐盤最遠(yuǎn)的餐具開始,然后隨著每道菜上桌依次使用越來越靠近餐盤的餐具就不會出錯。在切食物之前,有些美國人會把刀叉換個手,但此舉并不是必須的。
NOTE 注釋:
1. keep in mind 記住,緊記
2. proximately [5prCksimitli] adv. 最好,最近地
3. promptness [prCmptnis] n. 敏捷, 機敏
4. indebted [in5detid] adj. 負(fù)債的, 感恩的
5. silverware [5silvE wZE] n. 銀器