舌尖上的傳說：云南美食故事7 天麻 Tianma - Gastrodia elata (Latin name)

天麻

Tianma is a very precious Chinese herb growing in the valleys and is classified into single group Tianma.

天麻是一種珍貴的中藥材，生長在深山峽谷之中，一株只長一個(gè)天麻的，叫獨(dú)麻;一株長一窩天麻的，叫窩麻。

The major function of Tianma is to cure liver wind, dizziness and infantile convulsions of children, etc. with distinct effect. In China, Tianma grows in many remote mountain areas but the best are in Baokang county of northwest region of Hubei province. Legend has it that there lived a clan of hundreds of families deep in Jingshan mountain living and laboring in peace and contentment. But somehow in a year, the clan was shocked by a queer disease. Patients would have splitting headache, serious limb twitch, or even paralysis. People resorted to medicine and divine but all efforts turned out in vain.

天麻主治肝風(fēng)頭痛、眩暈、小兒驚風(fēng)等癥，功效顯著。中國不少深山都產(chǎn)天麻，但保康出的藥效最好，這里還有個(gè)傳說故事。在很古的時(shí)候，荊山深處有一個(gè)部落，住著百十戶人家，過著安居樂業(yè)的生活。這一年，部落里突然流行起一種奇怪的疾病。這種病一旦纏身，頭痛得像裂開似的，嚴(yán)重的會(huì)四肢抽搐，半身癱瘓。部落里的人們占卜求醫(yī)，但都不見效果。

The tribe leader was baffled by his people’s sufferings and was resolved to pay a visit to a renowned doctor in the hope of finding the cure.

部落首領(lǐng)平時(shí)弄點(diǎn)草藥給人們治治頭痛腦熱。他見人們被病魔折磨而自己又束手無策，心中十分難受，就決心去訪求名醫(yī)，尋找治愈這種病的藥物和方法。

Having heard of a skilled doctor in Wudao Valley who was able to cure this disease, he started for the doctor immediately with enough food. Wudao Valley was situated among deep and sparsely populated mountains. Could he get to the skilled doctor?

這位首領(lǐng)聽說五道峽有一個(gè)神醫(yī)能治療這種病，于是帶了干糧披星戴月，向五道峽進(jìn)發(fā)。五道峽是山中蜿蜒曲折的大峽谷，四周崇山峻嶺環(huán)繞，人跡稀少，到哪里去尋找神醫(yī)呢?

Having tramped over hills and dales, the chief finally met an old man gathering firewood in a forest. He asked about the skilled doctor and was told the doctor was in a village called Shuangti.

這位首領(lǐng)翻越了一座座山峰，走遍了每道山坡終于在一片樹林里遇到了一位打柴的老漢。他想從老漢那里打聽神醫(yī)住在什么地方，老漢打量了部落首領(lǐng)一下，說神醫(yī)這幾天到雙梯寨去了，讓他到那里找一找。

The chief bid farewell to the old man and continued his way to Shuangti village which was actually a natural stone village built on precipitous cliffs. He climbed up arduously and reached at last. The moment he entered the village gate, he felt dizzy and fell down. But in a few moments, he awoke and stopped twitching finding himself in a cave. Looking up and down his eyes fell on some plant roots on a stone table.

這位首領(lǐng)辭別了老漢，又急急忙忙地向雙梯寨趕去。這雙梯寨，實(shí)為聳立在萬仞絕壁上的天然石寨。一路上山道崎嶇，奇峰插云，這位首領(lǐng)吃盡千萬苦，終于攀上了雙梯寨。沒想到他剛進(jìn)寨門就感到頭暈?zāi)垦＃活^栽進(jìn)一洞中，沒過多久，四肢也不再抽搐了。他起身打量洞內(nèi)的東西，發(fā)現(xiàn)石桌上堆著一些植物塊莖。

At that time, an old man came inside with a bow of medicine in his hands ready for him to drink. The tribe leader recognized the old man as the one who he had previously met in the mountains. He was about to say something but was stopped by the old man. “You were infected with the same disease that had been haunting your people and the herb you need is on the stone table over there.” said the old man “and they should be preserved in the shadow buried under decayed leaves.” The tribe leader took deep bows to express his profound gratitude to the old man, but when he looked up the old man was already gone. The chief knew clearly that encountered a miracle doctor as well as miracle herb.

正在這時(shí)，洞外走進(jìn)來一位老漢，手中端著一碗藥，讓部落首領(lǐng)喝下去。這位首領(lǐng)一看，眼前的老漢正是在五道峽樹林里遇到的那位打柴人。他剛要說話，老漢笑哈哈地?cái)r住他，告訴他生的病和總落的人們生的病一樣，要靠一種藥材醫(yī)治。藥材已準(zhǔn)備好，就放在石桌，讓他病好后帶回部落里去。這位首領(lǐng)躬身下拜，感謝老漢的救命大恩。老漢告訴他說，這種"藥材" 如果吃完，就把它藏在背陰的爛樹葉里，它就會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)用不完。這位首領(lǐng)低身拜，待他抬起頭時(shí)，老漢已不見蹤影了。這位首領(lǐng)知道自己遇到的老漢是神醫(yī)，他的藥材是天賜之物。就把老漢備好的藥材放進(jìn)口袋里，背回到部落里去了。

Back home, the chief stewed the herb for all patients to drink. Shortly after, patients all recovered gradually. He hid the rest of herb under shady and rotten leafs as the old man advised. Since then, this herb grew prosperously year in year out.

回到部落，這道領(lǐng)把神醫(yī)賜的藥材熬了一大鍋，讓生病的人喝下，幾鍋藥水一喝，部落里生病的人逐漸好了。他把剩下的藥材，依照神醫(yī)所囑，藏在背陰處的爛樹葉里，從此，這藥材就一年年地繁殖下來。

.Everybody believed the herb to be panacea from the heaven to cure dizziness and hemiplegia . So people called it “Tianma”.

人們說這藥材是神醫(yī)所賜的上天之物，又專治頭暈?zāi)垦?，半身麻痹癱瘓，就把這種藥材叫做天麻了。