王夫之(1619~1692),字而農(nóng),湖南衡陽(yáng)人。明崇禎舉人,曾從永歷桂王舉兵抗清,南明滅后隱遁歸山,埋首著述,博通經(jīng)學(xué)、史學(xué)和文學(xué),貢獻(xiàn)卓著,學(xué)者稱船山先生。他生于“屈子之鄉(xiāng)”,受楚辭影響,步武《離騷》,用美人香草寄托抒懷,如《絕句》:“半歲青青半歲荒,高田草似下田荒。埋心不死留春色,且忍罡風(fēng)十夜霜?!苯枋娌葜摹安凰馈保鲌?jiān)韌不拔之志和恢復(fù)故國(guó)“春色”的理想。
王夫子·《絕句》
楚人有涉江者,其劍自舟中墜于水。
遽契其舟,曰:“是吾劍之所從墜?!?br />舟止,從其所契者入水求之。
——舟已行矣,而劍不行:求劍若此,不亦惑乎?
——《呂氏春秋》
Jueju
Wang Fuzi
Only green for half a year, for the other half the land lies waste;
The grass in uplands is yellow just as in low-lying fields.
Hiding its innermost part with its inherent vernal charms,
The grass is ready to put up frosty nights and cruel winds.