大學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力第一冊(cè)第1課

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Want to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying? Sounds too good to be true? Well, read on...
How to Improve Your Study Habits
Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here's how:
1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn't occupy all of the free time on the schedule. It's important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play.
2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.
3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.
4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.
5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on test.
6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won't end if you don't pass a test, so don't worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your knowledge permanent.
There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades.
NEW WORDS
average
n. ordinary 普通的；中等的
intelligence
n. ability to learn and understand 智力
necessarily
ad. inevitably 必定
case
n. what has really happened; actual condition 實(shí)情
additional
a. added 附加的，額外的
n. addition
weekly
a. done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的
schedule
n. timetable 時(shí)間表
chart
n. (sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture 圖（表）
commit
vt. 指定...用于
aside
ad. to the side　在旁邊；到（向）一邊
etc
(Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other things　等等
normal
a. usual　正常的
reading
n. the act or practice of reading　閱讀
assignment
n. sth. given out as a task　(布置的)作業(yè)
occupy
n. take up　占用
relaxation
n. (sth. done for) rest and amusement　休息，娛樂(lè)
relax
v.
hobby
n. what one likes to do in one's free time　業(yè)余愛(ài)好　
entertainment
n. show, party, etc. that people enjoy　娛樂(lè)
entertain
vt.
solve
vt. find an answer to (a problem)　解決（問(wèn)題）
aware
a. having knowledge or understanding　知道的；意識(shí)到的
furthermore
ad. moreover; in addition　而且；此外
enable
vt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.)　使（某人）能（做某事）
activity
n. sth. (to be) done 　活動(dòng)
adequate
a. as much as one needs; enough　充分的；足夠的
distraction
n. sth. that draws away the mind or attention　分心（或分散注意力）的事物
concentrate (on or upon)
vi. pay close attention (to)　全神貫注（于）
skim
vt. read quickly to get the main ideas (of)　略讀
preview
vt. have a general view of (sth.) beforehand　預(yù)習(xí)
content
n. what is written in a book, etc.　內(nèi)容
organize
vt. form into a whole　組織
later
ad. 后來(lái)；以后
skip
vt. pass over　略過(guò)
portion
n. part; share　一部分；一份
double
v. make or become twice as great or as many?。ㄊ梗┰黾右槐?
comprehension
n. the act of understanding or ability to understand　理解（力）
mention
vt. speak or write about (sth.) in a few words　提及
confused
a. mixed up in one's mind　迷惑的，混淆的
confuse
vt.
textbook
n. a standard book for the study of a subject　教科書(shū)；課本
performance
n. achievement　成績(jī)
meaningful
a. having important meaning or value　富有意義的
attitude
n. what one thinks about sth.　態(tài)度，看法
purpose
n. aim　目的，意圖
excessively
ad. too much　過(guò)多地，過(guò)分地
excessive
a.
permanent
a. lasting for a long time; never changing　持久的；永久的
technique
n. way of doing sth.　技巧，方法
helpful
a. useful; providing help or wiling to help　有益的；給予幫助的，肯幫忙的
PHRASES & EXPRSSIONS
fill in
write in　填寫(xiě)，填充
decide on
make a choice or decision about　選定，決定
set aside
save for a special purpose　留出
as well
also; too; in addition　也，還；同樣
be aware (of)
know (sth.); know (what is happening)　知道，意識(shí)到
concentrate on
direct one's attention, efforts, etc. to　全神貫注于
look over
examine (quickly)　把...看一遍，過(guò)目
go over
review 復(fù)習(xí)
lead to
result in 導(dǎo)致