2023年12月英語六級真題聽力第一套（5）
英文原文
recording one
what makes humans different from other species
什么使人類與其他物種不同
some philosophers argue its morals or ethics
一些哲學(xué)家認(rèn)為是道德或倫理
while some scientists assert its our greater cognitive development
而一些科學(xué)家則認(rèn)為是我們的認(rèn)知發(fā)展更高級
but I argue that the main difference is our desire to combat routine
但我認(rèn)為主要的區(qū)別在于我們不贊成日常慣例的渴望
this makes being creative a biological mandate
這使得創(chuàng)造力成為了一種生物本能
as what we seek in art and technology is surprise, not simply a fulfillment of expectations
因?yàn)槲覀冊谒囆g(shù)和技術(shù)中追求的是驚喜，而不僅僅是滿足預(yù)期
as a result, a wild imagination has characterized the history of our species
因此，豐富的想象力成為了我們物種歷史的特征
we build intricate habitats, devise complex recipes for our food
我們建造復(fù)雜的棲息地，為我們的食物設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜的食譜
wear clothes that reflect constant changes in fashion
穿著反映時(shí)尚不斷變化的衣服
communicate with elaborate signs, symbols and sounds
用精致的符號、標(biāo)志和聲音交流
and travel between habitats on wings and wheels of our own design
在我們自己設(shè)計(jì)的翅膀和輪子上在不同棲息地之間旅行
to satisfy our appetite for novelty, innovation is key
為了滿足我們對新奇事物的渴望，創(chuàng)新是關(guān)鍵
but who innovates?
但誰來進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新？
now many people, both laymen and experts, believe that only geniuses innovate
現(xiàn)在，許多普通人和專家都認(rèn)為只有天才才能創(chuàng)新
but I believe that innovation is not something that only a few people do
但我認(rèn)為創(chuàng)新并不是只有少數(shù)人才能做到的事
the innovative drive lives in every human brain
創(chuàng)新的驅(qū)動力存在于每個人的大腦中
and the resulting war against the repetitive is what powers the massive changes that distinguish one generation from the next
由此產(chǎn)生的與重復(fù)的競爭是推動一代又一代之間巨大變化的力量
the drive to create the new is a trait of being human
創(chuàng)造新事物的驅(qū)動力是人類的一個特征
we build cultures by the hundreds and tell new stories by the millions
我們創(chuàng)造了數(shù)百種文化，講述了數(shù)百萬個新故事
we create and surround ourselves with things that have never existed before
我們創(chuàng)造并圍繞著自己從未存在過的事物
while animals do not
而動物則不會這樣做
but where do our new ideas come from?
但我們的新想法來自哪里？
according to many, new ideas come from seemingly nowhere to great minds
據(jù)許多人所說，新想法似乎來自偉大頭腦的憑空產(chǎn)生
from this perspective, new ideas are almost like magic
從這個角度看，新想法幾乎就像魔法一樣
they come in a flash of inspiration to a select view
它們像靈感一閃而現(xiàn)，只針對少數(shù)人
however, the reality is that across the spectrum of human activities, prior work propels the creative process
然而，現(xiàn)實(shí)是，在人類活動的各個領(lǐng)域，先前的工作推動了創(chuàng)新過程
we may think of innovation as being the result of inspiration or genius
我們可能會認(rèn)為創(chuàng)新是靈感或天才的結(jié)果
but it's really the result of developing the ideas of others further
但這實(shí)際上是進(jìn)一步發(fā)展他人想法的結(jié)果
this happens in technology, where one invention enables or inspires further inventions
這在技術(shù)中發(fā)生，一項(xiàng)發(fā)明使或啟發(fā)進(jìn)一步的發(fā)明
and it happens in the arts, as writers, composers, and painters use the work of previous artists in their own work
這在藝術(shù)中也發(fā)生，作家、作曲家和畫家在他們的作品中使用以前藝術(shù)家的作品
the human brain works from precedent
人類大腦基于先例工作
we take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shape
我們繼承的想法并將它們組合成新的形式
what is a true creator?
什么是真正的創(chuàng)造者？
is a creator a genius who makes something out of nothing?
創(chuàng)造者是一個從無中創(chuàng)造有物的天才嗎？
no, creators are simply humans who use what they inherit, who absorb the past and manipulate it to create possible futures
不，創(chuàng)造者只是使用他們所繼承的東西的人類，他們吸收過去并控制它以創(chuàng)造可能的未來
thus, humans are creators as a rule, rather than as an exception
因此，人類通常是創(chuàng)造者，而不是例外
question 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard
問題16到18基于你剛才聽到的錄音
question 16
what question does the speaker address in this talk?
問題16：演講者在這段演講中提出了什么問題？
question 17
what does the speaker believe about innovation?
問題17：演講者如何看待創(chuàng)新？
question 18
how does the human brain work according to the speaker?
問題18：根據(jù)演講者，人類大腦是如何工作的？
