錄音二
Sweden was the first European country to print anduse paper money, but it may soon do away withphysical currencies.
瑞典是第一個(gè)印刷和使用紙幣的歐洲國(guó)家，但它可能很快就會(huì)擯棄實(shí)物貨幣。
Banks can save a lot of money and avoid regulatoryheadaches by moving to a cash-free system, andthey can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirtymoney.
銀行使用無(wú)現(xiàn)金系統(tǒng)能節(jié)約很多資金并避免很多管理的麻煩，還能避免搶劫、盜竊和洗錢(qián)問(wèn)題。
Claer Barrett, the editor of Financial Times Money, says the Western world is headed toward aworld without physical currency.
“Financial Times Money”主編克萊爾·巴雷特稱(chēng)，西方世界正朝著無(wú)實(shí)物貨幣的方向發(fā)展。
"Andy Holder—the chief economist at The Bank of England—suggested that the UK movetowards a government-backed digital currency.
英格蘭銀行首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家安迪·霍爾德認(rèn)為，英國(guó)在向著政府支撐的數(shù)字貨幣的方向發(fā)展。
But does a cashless society really make good economic sense?
但無(wú)現(xiàn)金社會(huì)真得能帶來(lái)良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益嗎?
"The fact that cash is being drawn out of society, is less a feature of our everyday lives,
現(xiàn)金正從社會(huì)中剝離出去一事，在我們的日常生活中已經(jīng)越來(lái)越不足為奇了，
and the ease of electronic payments—is this actually making us spend more money withoutrealizing it?"
而且電子支付便捷——這種方式是不是實(shí)際上讓我們?cè)诓唤?jīng)意間花了更多的錢(qián)?
Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person tospend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago.
巴雷特想要找到在沒(méi)有實(shí)物貨幣的情況下是否真的會(huì)讓某人花更多的錢(qián)的證據(jù)，為此，幾個(gè)月前她決定做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
She decided that she was going to try to just use cash for two weeks to make all of heressential purchases and see what that would do to her spending.
她決定嘗試只使用現(xiàn)金來(lái)完成她兩周所有必需品的購(gòu)買(mǎi)，以此查看這種方式對(duì)她開(kāi)銷(xiāo)的影響。
She found she did spend a lot less money because it is incredibly hard to predict how muchcash one is going to need—she was forever drawing money out of cash points.
她發(fā)現(xiàn)她的確花錢(qián)更少，因?yàn)榉浅ｋy預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人會(huì)需要多少現(xiàn)金——所以她總是去自動(dòng)取款機(jī)取錢(qián)。
Months later, she was still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of herhandbags.
幾個(gè)月后，她發(fā)現(xiàn)她的褲袋和手提包的袋子里仍然塞滿(mǎn)著現(xiàn)金。
During the experiment, Barrett took a train ride.
實(shí)驗(yàn)期間，巴雷特乘了一次火車(chē)。
On the way, there was an announcement that the restaurant car was not currently acceptingcredit cards.
旅途中，火車(chē)工作人員宣布餐車(chē)目前不接受信用卡支付。
The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling withoutcash.
火車(chē)上一時(shí)充滿(mǎn)了抱怨聲，因?yàn)楹芏喑丝投际遣粠КF(xiàn)金旅行的。
"It underlines just how much things have changed in the last generation," Barrett says.
巴雷特說(shuō)，“它表明自上一代以來(lái)發(fā)生的巨大的變化。”
"My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes—they'd get paid and they'd immediately separate the cash into piles and put them inenvelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week.
“我父母年輕的時(shí)候，常常使用把錢(qián)放進(jìn)信封的方法來(lái)進(jìn)行預(yù)算——他們得到工資后，立即把錢(qián)分為若干部分，然后把它們裝進(jìn)不同的信封里，因此他們很清楚每周必須支出多少。”
It was a very effective way for them to keep track of their spending.
這是當(dāng)時(shí)他們記錄日常支出的非常有效的方式。
Nowadays, we're all on credit cards, we're doing online purchases, and money is kind ofbecoming a less physical and more imaginary type of thing that we can't get our handsaround."
如今，我們?nèi)际褂眯庞每ㄖЦ?，都?huì)在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物，金錢(qián)的物理形態(tài)越來(lái)越淡化，而變?yōu)槲覀儾粫?huì)拿在手邊的、更為虛擬的物體了。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
問(wèn)題19到22是基于你剛才所聽(tīng)到那段的錄音。
Question 19: What do we learn about Sweden?
問(wèn)題19：我們了解到瑞典的什么信息?
Question 20: What did Claer Barrett want to find out with her experiment?
問(wèn)題20：克萊爾·巴雷特想通過(guò)她的實(shí)驗(yàn)弄清楚什么?
Question 21: What did Claer Barrett find on her train ride?
問(wèn)題21：克萊爾·巴雷特在乘坐火車(chē)的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么問(wèn)題?
Question 22: How did people of the last generation budget their spending?
問(wèn)題22：上一代人是如何進(jìn)行他們的開(kāi)支預(yù)算的?
