Lesson 44
Speed and comfort
又快捷又舒適
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
聽錄音,然后回答以下問題。
Which type of transport does the writer prefer, do you think?
People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly anyone can positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling, or fumbling to find you ticket for inspection. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on roads with few service stations and too much traffic. By comparison, ferry trips or cruises offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, meet interesting people and enjoy good food -- always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick, no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice holiday time for the pleasure of travlling by sea.
Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated by them. They also have the disadvantage of being an expensive form of transport. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an aeroplane gets you to your destination rapidly. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a film and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey.
New words and expressions 生詞和短語
positively
adv. 絕對地,完全地
compartment
n. 列車客車廂內(nèi)的分隔間(或單間)
cramped
adj. 窄小的
stuffy
adj. 憋氣的,悶氣的
monotonous
adj. 枯燥的,乏味的
rhythm
n. 有節(jié)奏的運動
click
v. 發(fā)出咔噠聲
lull
v. 催人欲睡
snatch
n. 短時,片段
sleeper
n. 臥鋪
fumble
v. 亂摸,摸索
inspection
n. 檢查
inevitably
adv. 必然地,不可避免地
destination
n. 目的地
exhaust
v. 使精疲力盡
motorway
n. 快車道
ferry
n. 渡船
cruise
n. 巡游船
civilize
v. 使文明
spacious
adj. 寬敞的
seasick
adj. 暈船的
intimidate
v. 恐嚇,恫嚇
disadvantage
n. 短處,缺點
exhilarating
adj. 使人高興的,令人興奮的
escapist
n. 逍遙者
sip
v. 呷,啜
champagne
n. 香檳灑
refinement
n. 精心的安排
breathtaking
adj.激動人心的;不尋常的
soar
v. 高飛,翱翔
effortlessly
adv. 不費力地
landscape
n. 景色
fresh
adj. 精神飽滿的
uncrumpled
adj. 沒有垮下來
出遠門的人常常需要決定是走旱路、水路,還是坐飛機。很少有人能夠真正喜歡坐幾個小時以上的火車。車廂很快就變得擁擠、悶熱,想擺脫開旅途的困擾是很難的??磿荒芙鉀Q部分問題。車輪與鐵軌間單調(diào)的嘎喳聲很快就會送你進入夢鄉(xiāng)。白天是忽睡忽醒,到了夜晚,你真想睡了,卻很難入睡。即使你走運弄到一個臥鋪,夜間有一半時間你會盯著車頂那盞小藍燈而睡不著覺;要不然就為查票摸索你的車票。一旦抵達目的地,你總是疲憊不堪。乘汽車作長途旅行則更加不舒服,因為連看書都幾乎不可能。在公路上還好,你至少能以相當快的速度安全地向前行。但旅行的大部分時間都花在路上,而且只有很少的服務設施,交通也很擁擠。相比之下,坐船旅行或環(huán)游可以得到文明世界的各種享受。你可以在甲板上伸展四肢、做游戲,還能也很見到各種有趣的人,能享用各種美味佳肴——當然,這一切只有在大海風平浪靜的情況下才有可能。如果大海肆虐起來,你就可能暈船,那種難受勁兒是任何一種別的旅行的方式都不會帶來的。即使風平浪靜,坐船旅行也要占用很長時間。沒有多少人會為享受坐船旅行的樂趣而犧牲假期的時間。飛機以危險而著稱,連老資格的旅行者也怕飛機。飛機另一個缺點是昂貴。但就速度與舒適而言,飛機是無與倫比的。騰云駕霧,在30,000 英尺高空以500英里的時速旅行,這種經(jīng)歷令人心曠神怡。你不必想辦法去擺脫旅途的困擾,因為飛機會迅速地把你送到目的地。幾小時之內(nèi),你躺在扶手椅上,享受著旅途的歡樂。真正會享受的人還可以在某些航班上看一場電影和喝香檳。即使沒有這些消遣條件,也總是有事可做。飛機上,你可以觀察世界上非同尋常的奇妙的美景。你毫不費勁地飛越高山幽谷,你確能飽覽大地的風貌。如果這種景色被遮住了,你可以觀賞一下展現(xiàn)在你面前的、一望數(shù)英里的、連綿不斷的云海,同時陽光燦爛,天空清澈明朗。旅途平穩(wěn),絲毫不妨礙你閱讀或睡眠。不管你打算如何消磨時間,有件事是可以肯定的,即當你抵達目的地時,你感到精神煥發(fā),毫無倦意,用不著因為漫長的旅途的辛苦而花幾天時間休息來恢復精神。
◆positively adv. 絕對地,完全地
in a positive way
doubt; doubtful; uncertain; dubious 表示不是很肯定
The food is positively uneatable.
Can you really do it positively?
在這兒相當于sure, of cause, certainly, no problem
a piece of cake, no sweat, it’s a snack 都表示不成問題
I bet 我肯定
◆compartment n. 列車客車廂內(nèi)的分隔間(或單間)
◆cramped adj. 窄小的
◆stuffy adj. 憋氣的,悶氣的
== airless
That classroom must be stuffy.
◆rhythm n. 有節(jié)奏的運動
◆click v. 發(fā)出咔噠聲
roar 車輛飛快行駛發(fā)出的聲音
bark 狗叫
Don’t bark your order at me.
◆monotonous adj. 枯燥的,乏味的,單調(diào)的
tedious, dull, uninteresting
monotonous == lacking variety
Eg: I don’t like the way of your teaching, it is monotonous.
I hate the monotonous rhythm of travelling by train.
tedious 乏味的(重點突出long and uninteresting 冗長乏味的 )
Eg: Your article is tedious.
dull 語意比較弱,= uninteresting
Eg: I can’t get along well with Mary, she is a dull girl.
Look at that dull person.
Tiresome == tiring 由于疲勞而厭倦
tired
Eg: He is tired of sleeping on the floor, because he has done so for ten years.
Long lasting meetings are tiring .
You are tiresome.
You are a little bit tiresome.
handsome
bore v.
bored adj.
boring adj. 持續(xù)時間過長而厭倦
Eg : I am tired of doing so.
I am bored with doing so. 我厭煩這么做。
be tired of
be bored with
◆lull v. 催人欲睡
vt. ==cause sb. to sleep
Eg: The mother lulled her baby to sleep.
lull sb to sleep 催人入睡
lull vi.風和日麗
What a good day, the wind lulled.
lullaby 催眠曲
◆◆◆snatch n. 短時,片段
catch, seize, grab,
in snatches 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地
Eg: On the train, we sleep in snatches.
◆sleeper n. 臥鋪
◆fumble vt. 亂摸,摸索
Eg: He fumbled the door open. 他摸索著把門打開了。
He put his hand into his pocket to take the key out.
He fumbled in his pocket for the key.
search for
◆inspection n. 檢查
◆◆◆inevitably adv. 必然地,不可避免地
Eg: Human beings are mortal, so inevitable we make mistakes, no matter how wise and eminent you are.
◆destination n. 目的地
◆exhaust vt. 使精疲力盡
exhausted adj.
exhausting adj.
tire out
Eg: I’m exhausted. 我精疲力盡了。
What exhausts you? 什么使你精疲力盡呀?
I’m tired out.
wear out 使疲勞,使磨損
worn
worn out
Eg: Look, your dress is worn out. 瞧,你的衣服穿壞了。
After a day’s work hard, I am worn out.
knock out
Knock sb out 1,把某人打暈,2,某人筋疲力盡
Eg: The arduous work knocked me out. 這項艱難的工作使我精疲力盡。
Fatigue 使筋疲力盡,使疲勞(書面)
Eg: The piece of work fatigues me.
Does your work fatigue you?
◆motorway n. 快車道
express way, highway
◆ferry n. 渡船
◆cruise n. 巡游船
◆civilize v. 使文明
◆◆◆spacious adj. 寬敞的
Eg: Is your classroom spacious?
Our classroom is not so spacious as that one.
I would like to lie in the spacious classroom instead of sitting here.
==roomy
a roomy house
capacious 容量大的
capacity 容量
commodious 寬敞的,便利的 (== roomy and convenient )
Eg: The cinema is both roomy and convenient.
The cinema is commodious.
expansive 易膨脹的,廣闊的
Eg: I’d like to appreciate expansive sea / ocean. 我喜歡欣賞浩瀚的海洋。
vast 幅員遼闊的
Eg: The desert in our country is vast, that is a major problem.
extensive 廣泛的,廣闊的
extensive reading 泛讀
intensive reading 精讀
Eg: You can enlarge you vocabulary by intensive reading.
widespread 流傳廣的,分布廣的
Eg: The kind of news is widespread.
far-reaching 觸及很遠的,流傳久遠的
Eg: I have a good idea and it is far-reaching.
◆seasick adj. 暈船的
airsick 暈飛機的
carsick 暈車的
bicyclesick 暈自行車的
bussick暈公交車的
Homesick 想家的
分別在詞尾加上后綴-ness變成名詞
Homesickness 思鄉(xiāng)之情
◆intimidate v. 恐嚇,恫嚇
frighten, horrify, terrify
Eg: Nothing can intimidate me.
◆disadvantage n. 短處,缺點
◆◆◆exhilarating adj. 使人高興的,令人興奮的
exhilarate vt. == very much excite 比excite 語義強烈得多,正式得多
Eg: I’m exhilatated by your visit. 對于你的來訪我是高興極了。
stimulate 刺激,激勵
stimulate sb to do sth 激勵某人做某事
Eg: Your courage stimulated me to do so.
inspire激勵(通過言辭)
Inspire sb to do 激勵某人做某事(通過言辭)
Stir 鼓動,鼓舞
Eg: Who stired you to do it like this? You should look before you leap. 誰鼓動你這么做?你應該三思而后行。
spur 刺激
Eg: His rude remarks spured me.
encourage
Eg: He always encourages me to study hard when I’m unwilling to do so.
◆escapist n. 逍遙者
◆sip v. 呷,啜
vt & n.
== drink a little at a time.
take a sip of sth 喝一點
Eg: I’m really thirsty, would you mind my taking a sip of your Coffee?
have a taste of sth 嘗一點
Eg: I’m so hungry that I want to have a taste of your cake.
You can take a sip of my Coffee, but my cake only belongs to me.
◆champagne n. 香檳酒
◆◆◆refinement n. 精心的安排
refine 使人精力充沛
Eg: Coffee always refined us.
Coffee always made us fresh.
◆breathtaking adj. 激動人心的;不尋常的
Eg: The picture takes my breath. 這幅畫太美了。
The girl takes my breath.
The beautiful dress takes my breath.
decide to go for a trip 決定旅行
Eg: We decided to go for a breathtaking trip.
◆soar v. 高飛,翱翔
Eg: We can’t soar in the blue sky without wings.
soar effortlessly 自由翱翔
◆effortlessly adv. 不費力地
◆landscape n. 景色
landscape 指從高處或遠處遠望高看的這種大地的漂亮的風光
spectacle == extroordinary sight
scenery 自然風光
scene 場面
view 透過窗戶看到的景色
Eg: Our classroom doesn’t have a good view.
The rising sun in the Tai Mountain is a spectacle / landscape.
◆fresh adj. 精神飽滿的
a fresh man
Eg: Look at that guy, he is really fresh.他很帥
◆uncrumpled adj. 沒有跨下來
Eg: He went Home fresh and uncrumpled.
People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語修飾people
people who travel long distance frequently
frequently 定期地,經(jīng)常地 quite often
have to decide== have to make up their mind
would rather; would sooner 要和動詞原形搭配
had better do 最好地
would prefer to do
would rather do
hardly + anyone 等不定代詞時不倒裝,在這相當于nobody; 或 nearly nobody, virtually nobody
You concentrate your mind on the journey itself, nothing can help you to keep away from it.
take your mind off sth 把某人注意力從…轉(zhuǎn)移開
Eg: A holiday can take your mind off your anxiety.
Do keep your mind off your unHappiness.
I can’t take my mind off my examination, because examination day is coming.
partial solution == one part of solution
L44-03 end 18’33”
L44-04 begin 18’35”
Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.
exhausted 在這里是形容詞做狀語
wear out; tire out; fatigue; knock out 筋疲力盡
Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read.
The writer emphasize disadvantage of travelling by train.
Travelling by car is moeunpleasant than travelling in the train.
fairly 的語氣是最弱的
more often than not 主要用在書面語言當中,means very often, usually, frequetly
By comparison 通過對比
offer == provide
comforts 在這兒指代service
Be likely to do 有可能……
== it is probable that
could not be + 形容詞比較級, can not be +形容詞比較級,no… could be 表示“沒有什么比…”
Eg: Nobody can be more beautiful than you.
No place can / could be better. 沒有什么地方比這兒更好。
relatively 相對來講
Eg: A large number of people are prepared to sacrifice their higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar.
Relatively, few people are prepared to sacrifice their holiday time for the dubious pleasure of travelling by sea.
dubious == uncertain == doubtful
paragraph 2
Aeroplanes are famous / well-known for its being dangerous.
L44_42-04 end 18’35”
L44-05 begin 18’52”
have the disadvantage of
have the reputation of
match sb. for
but nothing can be equal to them.
第二部分當中是采用對比法
It is almost impossible to take your mindoff the journey.
You don’t have to / needn’t devise ways of taking your mind off the journey.
hardly… when
You had hardly had time to feel tired when you arrived at your destination.
on some services 在這里指代on airplane
Keep one’s mind off 轉(zhuǎn)移注意力
Keep sb. occupied 集中注意力
however == no matter how
If you can do without the few pleasures of travelling by land, you will find aeroplanes provide up with the best.
Please illustrate the disadvantage and advantage of studying abroad.
at first, you must illustrate your topic
the disadvantage of studying at Home.
the disadvantage of studying abroad.
最后通過實例詳細論述出國留學的好處。
關于寫作:
三段法
第一段:開門見山
中間段:支持段一般是由一段或兩段組成,目的是支持論點
每段的開頭一句話和最后一句話一定要和主題密切聯(lián)系。
參見Lesson 41
L44-05 end 18’52”
Lesson44A end 1:32:39
Lesson44B begin 1:12:29
L44-06 begin 18’43”
最主要的方法有三種:對比法,比較法,例證法
結(jié)尾段起到的作用是再次肯定和強調(diào)主題,加深讀者印象。
段落是由主題句,擴展句組成,擴展句之后是具體的例子。
想表達不同的理論概念,要用轉(zhuǎn)折句。
主題句應該要簡練,要明確地表達中心思想。
Eg: 1. The discrimination agaist women is very obvious in the world.
2. The discrimination agaist women is especially obvious in the job of marketing.
3. The discrimination agaist women began in 1910.
topic 應為2。
主題句應該具有概括性,但是概括又不能太寬泛。
主題句確立之后,還要進一步利用擴展句為說明解釋主題句的內(nèi)容。
重復使用關鍵詞。
內(nèi)容要連貫。
銜接詞的使用
1. 起 (開篇,引出論點): at first, first, firstly, in the beginning(起初), first of all, at present(目前), nowadays, currently, to start with, to begin with ,for one thing(首先), for another(其次), in one hand 一方面, in the other hand 另一方面
2. 承: to start with, at the same time, at any rate無論如何,
besides此外,除了…之外還有,apart from, in addition, in addition to, furthermore,
in fact 事實上,actually, as a matter of fact, in reality , moreover, no doubt, without any doubt,
similarly 同樣地, in the same way , meanwhile, in the meantime, obviously明顯地,particularly,
such as, for example, for instance, consequently, as a consequence, as a result,
what is more, what is worse, what is better
above all
3.折: after all 畢竟,終究, all the same 雖然,但是, anyway 無論如何, somehow, but, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, by the time 到這個時候,此時,conversely, on the contrary, despite, in spite of , in contempt of, in disregard of, by contrast, by comparison, fortunately, in other words 換句話說,on the other hand, unlike 和……不同,不像, whereas然而,
Eg: He made a mistake, after all he is a child aged 5.
Even though you are not of most help, I’m grateful to you just the same.
I had expected myself to pass the examination, somehow I failed.
I don’t have the ability to do the work, fortunately my friends romise me to help me.
4.合: 主要是用來小結(jié)上文的或是用作結(jié)尾段: accordingly于是,因此,as has been noted (above) 如前所述的,as has been mentioned, as has been talked of,
at last, finally, lastly, at length,
briefly簡而言之,in brief, in short, in a word, in conclusion, in sum, in summary, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, on the whole 總起說來
no doubt 毫無疑問, undoubtedly, truly, certainly, positively, surely, obviously,
Topic 主題
1. 可以使用諺語作為topic
as the saying goes; as proverb goes
2. 定義法
What is advertisement, it is the words or pictures on a media to promote product / the sale of product.
作業(yè):illustrate your opinion about advertisements on media.
3. 可以使用提問法:Lesson 7
illustrate your opinion about friendship
Do you have a good / large circle of friends?
4. 概括法:出現(xiàn)在開頭段的首句或末句。
I quite agree with this idea.
5. 間接開頭法:先敘述別人的觀點,然后引出自己的真實看法。
Eg: People often say that money can buy all the things, but I think it is not true.
1
我們正在學習的是新概念美音版,
傳統(tǒng)版本(英式發(fā)音)的音頻:音頻播放
2
本課的視頻講解: 點擊觀看
全部:新概念英語第三冊視頻
3
詞匯速記:新概念英語詞匯隨身聽速記手冊3 第43-44課
相關文章:
“新概念”介紹
學英語為什么要選新概念?
新概念第3冊——掌握英語的關鍵
為什么專家提倡背誦新概念
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Comprehension
1. The great disadvantage shared by train and car travel alike is _____ .
a. the fact that one cannot get to sleep on either form of transport
b. the fact that one cannot concentrate on what one is reading
c. the monotony of travelling at fast speeds along railway lines or roads
d. the tedium and discomfort of the journey
The great disadvantage that shared by train and car travel alike as
alike; as well
was adored by the rich and poor alike.
2 An aeroplane journey invariably provides such distractions as _____ .
a. the thought that one has not long to wait before arriving
b. the exhilarating quality of the air one breathes at 30,000 feet
c. being able to watch a film or drink champagne
d. the marvellous views of land or clouds you can see from the plane
distraction 轉(zhuǎn)移注意力
such … as比如……
He can speak such languages as English, Japanese.
背熟題干
3 Having arrived at your destination by air, you will _____ .
a. not feel exhausted as you will have had plenty of sleep
b. feel the expense was worth the comfort and speed of the 500-mile flight
c. have the satisfaction of knowing you could not have got there any faster
d. at least feel fresh though your clothes might be a mass
L44-09 end (44-01) 11’23”
L44-10 begin 10’06”
No forms of transport can be more comfortable and faster than aeroplanes.
Structure
4 People travelling long distances frequently have to decide _____ they would prefer to go by land see or air. (ll.1-2)
a. which b. how c. what d. if
5 If you are _____ a sleeper …(ll.8-9)
a. luckily getting b. lucky and get c. to get luckily d. so lucky to get
★★6 ----and enjoy good food _____ , of course, that the sea is calm. (ll.13-14)
a. provided b. in the event c. in case d. if only
如果內(nèi)心的期望和事實沒有關系,表達“如果”采用的結(jié)構形式不是if,不是suppose, 而是providing or provided
Eg: I’ll take all the shirts if / provided you reduce the price to $1 each.
7 In addition, it _____ their being the most expensive form of transport. (l.19)
a. has been a grave disadvantage b. is the great disadvantage that
c. is a great disadvantage d. has been the great disadvantage of
in addition 表示承上啟下,除此之外還有
如果用apart from, besides, in addition to, 必須和賓語進行搭配。
it是形式主語
It is no use crying. 哭沒有用。
It is no use pretending that I didn’t see him. 假裝沒看見他是沒有用的了。
Vocabulary
★★★8 If it is not and you are _____ , no form of transport could be worse. (ll.14-15)
a. provably seasick b. bad at sailing c. sick of the sea d. prone to seasickness
If it is not == If it is not calm
be prone to sth. to 在這里是介詞。
相當于be likely to do表示極有可能。
During cold winter, we are likely to catch cold.
During cold winter, we are prone to cold.
9 Nothing can _____ aeroplanes for speed and comfort. (ll.19-20)
a. match with b. equal c. equal with d. equal to
match 指大小,色調(diào),形狀,性質(zhì)等相配或相稱
10 For a few hours, you _____ a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. (ll.22-23)
a. relax in b. sit up in c. sit on d. install
sit up 不睡覺 = stay up
install 安裝,固定
Eg: Let us install a television set on the wall.
11 You can enjoy the extraordinary _____ of unbroken cloud plains … (ll.26-7)
a. scene b. vision c. spectacle d. scenery
spectacle = landscape
scenery 自然風光
scene 場景
12 You won’t send the next few days getting _____ a long and arduous journey. (l.30)
a. above b. over c. up from d. away from
get over 從......中恢復過來
Eg: He hasn’t got over his wife’s death.
He doesn’t get over his illness.
get away from 從......逃脫掉。
【Key to Multiple choice questions】
1. D 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12.B