中國(guó)在不到兩周的時(shí)間里從零開始建設(shè)了一個(gè)醫(yī)療中心

中國(guó)在不到兩周的時(shí)間里從零開始建設(shè)了一個(gè)醫(yī)療中心

China says it's building two hospitals in under two weeks.
中國(guó)表示將在兩周內(nèi)建造兩所醫(yī)院。

The time frame doesn't seem to be an exaggeration. Ground was broken on the first facility on Jan. 24. and it's expected to be open for business on Feb. 3. with 1.000 beds for coronavirus patients.

這個(gè)時(shí)間框架似乎并不夸張。1月24日，第一個(gè)設(shè)施破土動(dòng)工，預(yù)計(jì)2月3日投入使用，為感染冠狀病毒的患者提供1000個(gè)床位。

But the term "hospital" may not be exactly on point.

但“醫(yī)院”一詞可能并不準(zhǔn)確。

"I wouldn't call it a hospital. I would call it more of a triage and isolation facility," says Eric Toner, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security.

“我不會(huì)叫它醫(yī)院。我更愿意稱它為一個(gè)分診和隔離設(shè)施，”約翰霍普金斯健康安全中心的資深學(xué)者埃里克·托納說(shuō)。

Raymond Pan agrees. He's design principal at HMC Architects and designed Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University in China, which opened in 2018.

雷蒙德·潘表示同意。他是HMC建筑事務(wù)所的設(shè)計(jì)總監(jiān)，并設(shè)計(jì)了中國(guó)南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)順德醫(yī)院，該醫(yī)院于2018年開業(yè)。

"An infection triage, treatment and recovery center — that's what I think it is," says Pan. The idea is to have "essentially a center for mass quarantine of patients." People who test positive for the new coronavirus will be held in private rooms and receive treatment until they recover and are no longer contagious.

潘說(shuō):“一個(gè)感染分診、治療和康復(fù)中心——我就是這么想的。”其想法是“建立一個(gè)大規(guī)模隔離病人的中心”。對(duì)新冠狀病毒檢測(cè)呈陽(yáng)性的人將被關(guān)在私人房間里接受治療，直到他們康復(fù)，不再具有傳染性。

The two structures will consist largely of "prefabricated hospital components," says Pan. "Each bedroom is built off-site" with materials such as aluminum and steel, then brought to the site to "plug in and stack up." The exterior of the building will likely be plaster or metal, he believes.

潘說(shuō)，這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)將主要由“預(yù)制醫(yī)院部件”組成。每間臥室都是用鋁、鋼等材料在場(chǎng)外建造的，然后帶到工地上“插上插頭、堆放起來(lái)”。他認(rèn)為，這座建筑的外部很可能是石膏或金屬。

What's more impressive than the two-story aboveground building, says Pan, is creating the underground infrastructure to bring in water, electricity and an air supply. "That's not an easy feat."

潘說(shuō)，比這個(gè)地上兩層的建筑更令人印象深刻的是，它創(chuàng)造了地下基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施來(lái)引入水、電和空氣供應(yīng)。“這不是一件容易的事。”

The Chinese have experience erecting these fast-track medical centers. A facility was built in about a week in Beijing in 2003 to house SARS patients.

中國(guó)人有建立這些快速醫(yī)療中心的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。2003年，北京用了大約一周的時(shí)間建立了一個(gè)設(shè)施來(lái)安置非典患者。

The center has since been abandoned, says Pan, but reports in Chinese media say that it is being rehabbed for possible use by coronavirus patients.

潘說(shuō)，這個(gè)中心后來(lái)被廢棄了，但中國(guó)媒體報(bào)道說(shuō)，它正在進(jìn)行修復(fù)，以備冠狀病毒患者使用。

The speed of construction is partly because of China's ability to mobilize resources. There are 4.000-plus workers on each site for the two facilities going up in Wuhan and hundreds of construction machines.

建設(shè)的速度部分是因?yàn)橹袊?guó)有能力調(diào)動(dòng)資源。武漢在建的這兩家工廠每個(gè)工地上都有4000多名工人和數(shù)百臺(tái)建筑機(jī)械。

In theory, the U.S. could put up a medical center as fast as China can, Pan says — but in practice, no. "One of the reasons is that we have a tighter inspection process."

潘說(shuō)，理論上，美國(guó)可以和中國(guó)一樣快地建立一個(gè)醫(yī)療中心，但實(shí)際上卻不行。“其中一個(gè)原因是我們有更嚴(yán)格的檢查程序。”

But he's not worried that the new centers will be poorly constructed. "I think they are structurally sound," Pan says. But he does have concerns — about the environmental impact of rapidly installing the underground infrastructure and about whether "any type of chemicals in use for treatment percolate down to the earth below."

但他并不擔(dān)心新中心的建設(shè)會(huì)很糟糕。“我認(rèn)為它們?cè)诮Y(jié)構(gòu)上是健全的，”潘說(shuō)。但他也有自己的擔(dān)憂——擔(dān)心快速安裝地下基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，以及“正在使用的任何化學(xué)物質(zhì)是否會(huì)滲入地下”。

The two medical centers are "pretty close to residential areas," says Pan. "If I'm living next to one, I would be really concerned about those aspects."

潘說(shuō)，這兩個(gè)醫(yī)療中心“離居民區(qū)很近”。“如果我就住在這樣的房子旁邊，我真的會(huì)很擔(dān)心這些方面。”