根據(jù)NASA和NOAA的數(shù)據(jù)，2019年是有記錄以來(lái)第二熱的一年

根據(jù)NASA和NOAA的數(shù)據(jù)，2019年是有記錄以來(lái)第二熱的一年

Last year was the second hottest on record globally, according to the latest climate data collected by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA.

根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局和美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局收集的最新氣候數(shù)據(jù)，去年是有記錄以來(lái)全球第二熱的一年。

It's the latest confirmation that the Earth is steadily getting hotter — the planet has already warmed about 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit (or almost 1 degree Celsius) compared with in the mid-20th century — and that robust greenhouse gas emissions are causing global warming to continue unabated.

這是最新的證據(jù)，表明地球正在穩(wěn)步變暖——與20世紀(jì)中期相比，地球已經(jīng)變暖了1.8華氏度(或幾乎1攝氏度)——而溫室氣體的大量排放正導(dǎo)致全球變暖持續(xù)不減。

"The fact is that the planet is warming, and every year, we add one extra data point to this graph," says Gavin Schmidt, the director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Ranking years based on their average temperature might grab headlines, he notes, but "the main thing here is not really the ranking, but is the consistency of the long-term trends that we're seeing."

NASA戈達(dá)德太空研究所所長(zhǎng)加文·施密特說(shuō):“事實(shí)是地球正在變暖，每年我們都會(huì)在這張圖表上增加一個(gè)額外的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)。”他指出，根據(jù)平均氣溫對(duì)年份進(jìn)行排名可能會(huì)成為頭條新聞，但“這里的主要問(wèn)題并不是排名，而是我們所看到的長(zhǎng)期趨勢(shì)的一致性。”

That trend goes back decades, with each decade warmer than the one before it. And that will likely continue in the 2020s.

這一趨勢(shì)可以追溯到幾十年前，每十年氣溫都比前十年高。這種情況很可能在本世紀(jì)20年代繼續(xù)下去。

"I would say, notwithstanding some sort of major, major geophysical event, it would be almost certain that the [coming] decade will be warmer than the previous," says Deke Arndt, the chief of climate monitoring for NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information.

美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局國(guó)家環(huán)境信息中心的氣候監(jiān)測(cè)主任德克·阿恩特說(shuō):“我想說(shuō)，盡管發(fā)生了一些重大的地球物理事件，但幾乎可以肯定的是，未來(lái)十年將比過(guò)去十年更熱。”

That means the planet is on track to blow past the temperature targets set by the Paris Agreement, which is meant to help countries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the effects of climate change.

這意味著，地球的溫度將超過(guò)《巴黎協(xié)定》設(shè)定的目標(biāo)?！栋屠鑵f(xié)定》旨在幫助各國(guó)減少溫室氣體排放，適應(yīng)氣候變化的影響。

The 2015 agreement set a target of limiting global warming to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) compared with preindustrial levels. A later report by the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned that warming of 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) would be catastrophic for millions of people.

2015年的協(xié)議設(shè)定了一個(gè)目標(biāo)，與工業(yè)化前的水平相比，將全球變暖控制在2攝氏度(3.6華氏度)以內(nèi)。聯(lián)合國(guó)政府間氣候變化專門委員會(huì)后來(lái)的一份報(bào)告警告說(shuō)，1.5攝氏度(2.7華氏度)的變暖對(duì)數(shù)百萬(wàn)人來(lái)說(shuō)將是災(zāi)難性的。

Schmidt of NASA says data about the past can help humans understand the path that societies are currently on.

美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的施密特說(shuō)，有關(guān)過(guò)去的數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助人類了解社會(huì)目前所走的道路。

"The warming up until now since the 1970s has been quite close to linear," he explains, so "you'd imagine we'd cross 1.5 [degrees Celsius] in around 2035. But of course that depends on what we do with emissions."

“自20世紀(jì)70年代至今，全球變暖一直接近線性，”他解釋道，因此“你可以想象，到2035年左右，全球氣溫將突破1.5攝氏度。”但當(dāng)然，這取決于我們?nèi)绾翁幚砼欧拧?rdquo;

The 2019 data also confirm that different regions of Earth are being affected by global climate change in different ways.

2019年的數(shù)據(jù)還證實(shí)，地球不同地區(qū)正以不同方式受到全球氣候變化的影響。

The Arctic is warming three times faster than the rest of the planet, and shrinking sea ice is contributing to a vicious cycle: As the ice retreats, the newly exposed water helps make the region warmer, and as the region gets warmer, the sea ice retreats more.

北極地區(qū)變暖的速度是地球其他地區(qū)的三倍，而海冰的減少正導(dǎo)致一個(gè)惡性循環(huán):當(dāng)冰消退時(shí)，新暴露出來(lái)的水有助于使該地區(qū)變暖，而當(dāng)該地區(qū)變暖時(shí)，海冰消退得更多。

In the continental United States, warmer average temperatures have been affecting weather patterns. Overnight temperatures are rising more rapidly than daytime temperatures, which can reduce yields for farmers and be dangerous for public healthbecause it exacerbates existing illnesses and doesn't give bodies a chance to cool down.

在美國(guó)大陸，平均氣溫的升高一直影響著天氣模式。夜間氣溫的上升速度比白天要快，這可能會(huì)降低農(nóng)民的產(chǎn)量，對(duì)公眾健康也有危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)加劇現(xiàn)有疾病，讓身體沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)降溫。

Rain patterns have also changed in much of the country.

全國(guó)大部分地區(qū)的降雨模式也發(fā)生了變化。