本季度迄今為止，美國(guó)至少有1300人死于流感

本季度迄今為止，美國(guó)至少有1300人死于流感

At least 1,300 people have died from the flu so far this season, according to a preliminary estimate released Friday by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心上周五發(fā)布的初步估計(jì)，本季度迄今為止，至少已有1300人死于流感。

There have been at least 2.6 million flu illnesses and 23,000 flu-related hospitalizations, according to the analysis.

根據(jù)分析，至少有260萬人患流感，2.3萬人因流感住院。

So far this season, the CDC has received reports of 10 children who have died from the flu, four more than the week before.

到目前為止，CDC已經(jīng)收到10名兒童死于流感的報(bào)告，比一周前多了4名。

Experts have warned that flu is hitting the United States early this year, and there are concerns that this early season could mean a particularly severe season overall.

專家警告說，今年年初，流感將襲擊美國(guó)，人們擔(dān)心，今年的流感季可能意味著一個(gè)特別嚴(yán)重的流感季。

Flu spread significantly in all states except Alaska as of the week ending December 7. Both the eastern and western United States are being hit hard, with widespread flu activity in 23 states: Alabama, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and Washington.

截至12月7日當(dāng)周，流感在除阿拉斯加以外的所有州均有明顯傳播。美國(guó)東部和西部都受到了嚴(yán)重的打擊，23個(gè)州都有廣泛的流感活動(dòng):阿拉巴馬州、亞利桑那州、加利福尼亞州、康涅狄格州、喬治亞州、愛達(dá)荷州、印第安納州、肯塔基州、路易斯安那州、馬里蘭州、馬薩諸塞州、內(nèi)布拉斯加州、內(nèi)華達(dá)州、新墨西哥州、紐約州、北卡羅來納州、俄勒岡州、賓夕法尼亞州、南卡羅來納州、田納西州、得克薩斯州、弗吉尼亞州和華盛頓州。

For the week ending December 7, health care providers in Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, Nebraska, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Washington and Puerto Rico saw the highest level of flu activity.

在截至12月7日的這一周，阿拉巴馬州、喬治亞州、密西西比州、內(nèi)布拉斯加州、南卡羅來納州、田納西州、德克薩斯州、華盛頓州和波多黎各的衛(wèi)生保健提供者發(fā)現(xiàn)流感活動(dòng)最高。

Flu activity is being caused mostly by influenza B/Victoria viruses, which is unusual for this time of year, according to the CDC, and B strains tend to hit children particularly hard. Influenza A/H1N1 viruses are increasing in proportion relative to other flu viruses in some regions, the CDC said.

流感活動(dòng)主要是由B/維多利亞型流感病毒引起的，這在每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候是不尋常的，根據(jù)疾病控制和預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù)，B型流感病毒對(duì)兒童的影響尤其嚴(yán)重。美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心說，在一些地區(qū)，甲型H1N1流感病毒與其他流感病毒的比例正在上升。

Flu symptoms, treatment and prevention

流感癥狀、治療和預(yù)防

People with the flu often experience fever, chills, coughing, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches and fatigue, according to the CDC. Some, more commonly children, may have vomiting and diarrhea. Many people become ill suddenly and recover within a few weeks.

美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心表示，流感患者經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)發(fā)燒、發(fā)冷、咳嗽、喉嚨痛、流鼻涕或鼻塞、肌肉或身體疼痛、頭痛和疲勞等癥狀。一些，更常見的是兒童，可能會(huì)嘔吐和腹瀉。許多人突然生病，幾周內(nèi)就康復(fù)了。

Those who are at higher risk for developing flu-related complications should be treated with antiviral medications as soon as possible. When treatment is started within days of becoming sick, antiviral drugs can lessen symptoms, speed recovery and reduce complications and hospitalizations.

那些有較高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)出現(xiàn)流感相關(guān)并發(fā)癥的人應(yīng)盡快接受抗病毒藥物治療。在發(fā)病后幾天內(nèi)開始治療，抗病毒藥物可以減輕癥狀，加速康復(fù)，減少并發(fā)癥和住院治療。

Flu complications, such as pneumonia, can result in hospitalization or even death. Some people are at higher risk for complications from the flu, including children younger than 5 years old, particularly those under 2. Other groups at high risk are adults 65 and older, pregnant women, residents of long-term care facilities and people with weakened immune systems, asthma, heart disease and diabetes.

流感并發(fā)癥，如肺炎，可導(dǎo)致住院甚至死亡。有些人患流感并發(fā)癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高，包括5歲以下的兒童，尤其是2歲以下的兒童。其他高危人群包括65歲以上的成年人、孕婦、長(zhǎng)期護(hù)理機(jī)構(gòu)的居民、免疫系統(tǒng)較弱的人、哮喘、心臟病和糖尿病患者。

Hand-washing, avoiding sick people and avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth can help prevent the flu. But the most important step to stop seasonal flu is for everyone 6 months or older to get vaccinated, according to the CDC. If the flu is circulating in the area where you live, it is not too late to get vaccinated.

洗手、避免接觸病人、避免接觸眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴都有助于預(yù)防流感。但是根據(jù)疾病控制中心的說法，預(yù)防季節(jié)性流感最重要的一步是每個(gè)6個(gè)月以上的人都要接種疫苗。如果流感在你居住的地區(qū)流行，現(xiàn)在接種疫苗還為時(shí)不晚。

Although the vaccine won't prevent all cases of the flu, it lessens the severity and duration of symptoms, and those who get flu after receiving a vaccine are less likely to require hospitalization and less likely to die.

雖然疫苗不能預(yù)防所有的流感病例，但它能減輕癥狀的嚴(yán)重程度和持續(xù)時(shí)間，而且那些接種疫苗后感染流感的人不太可能需要住院治療，也不太可能死亡。