Dictionary.com將“存在主義”一詞評(píng)為年度詞匯

Dictionary.com將“存在主義”一詞評(píng)為年度詞匯

Climate change, gun violence, the very nature of democracy and an angsty little movie star called Forky helped propel “existential” to Dictionary.com’s word of the year.

氣候變化、槍支暴力、民主的本質(zhì)，以及一個(gè)名叫“福基”(Forky)的易怒的小電影明星幫助將“存在主義”推入詞典網(wǎng)(Dictionary.com)的年度詞匯。

The choice reflects months of high-stakes threats and crises, real and pondered, across the news, the world and throughout 2019.

這一選擇反映了數(shù)月來(lái)的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)威脅和危機(jī)，真實(shí)而深思熟慮，遍及新聞界、世界和整個(gè)2019年。

“In our data, it speaks to this sense of grappling with our survival, both literally and figuratively, that defined so much of the discourse,” said John Kelly, senior research editor for the site, ahead of Monday’s announcement.

網(wǎng)站高級(jí)研究編輯約翰凱利(John Kelly)在周一的聲明發(fā)布前說(shuō)：“在我們的數(shù)據(jù)中，它表達(dá)了一種與我們的生存格斗的感覺(jué)，無(wú)論是字面上還是比喻上，它定義了很多話(huà)語(yǔ)。”。

The word earned top of mind awareness in sustained searches at Dictionary.com in the aftermath of wildfires and Hurricane Dorian, and mass shootings in Christchurch, New Zealand, and El Paso, Texas. It also reared itself in presidential politics and pop culture, including Forky the white plastic spork who was the breakout star of “Toy Story 4.”

野火和多里安颶風(fēng)以及新西蘭克賴(lài)斯特徹奇和德克薩斯州埃爾帕索的大規(guī)模槍擊事件之后，這個(gè)詞在Dictionary.com上持續(xù)不斷的搜索中贏(yíng)得了人們最關(guān)注的詞匯。它也在總統(tǒng)政治和流行文化中嶄露頭角，包括《玩具總動(dòng)員4》(Toy Story 4)中脫穎而出的白色塑料叉叉。

Oxford Dictionaries picked “climate emergency” as its word of the year, noting usage evidence that reflects the “ethos, mood, or preoccupations of the passing year,” the company said in a statement.

該公司在一份聲明中稱(chēng)，《牛津詞典》將“氣候緊急事件”選為年度詞匯，并指出其使用證據(jù)反映了“過(guò)去一年的社會(huì)風(fēng)氣、情緒或關(guān)注點(diǎn)”。

Dictionary.com crunches lookup and other data to decide which word to anoint each year. The site has been picking a word of the year since 2010.

Dictionary.com通過(guò)分析查找和其他數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)決定每年使用哪個(gè)詞。該網(wǎng)站自2010年以來(lái)一直在挑選年度詞匯。

The word dates to 1685, deriving from Late Latin’s “existentialis.” Dictionary.com defines existential as “of or relating to existence” and “of, relating to, or characteristic of philosophical existentialism; concerned with the nature of human existence as determined by the individual’s freely made choices.”

這個(gè)詞可以追溯到1685年，源于晚期拉丁語(yǔ)的“existentialis”。Dictionary.com將存在主義定義為“存在的或與存在有關(guān)的”以及“哲學(xué)存在主義的、與哲學(xué)存在主義有關(guān)的或具有哲學(xué)存在主義特征的”;關(guān)注由個(gè)人自由選擇所決定的人類(lèi)存在的本質(zhì)"

“We started to see existential in the dialogue beginning in January and all the way through the year,” said Jennifer Steeves-Kiss, Dictionary.com’s chief executive officer. “This is a consistent theme that we saw in our data, but it also was leveraged across many different important questions of our time.”

Dictionary.com的首席執(zhí)行官珍妮弗•斯蒂維斯- kiss說(shuō):“從今年1月開(kāi)始，我們就一直在對(duì)話(huà)中看到存在主義的存在。”“這是我們?cè)跀?shù)據(jù)中看到的一個(gè)一致的主題，但它也在我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的許多不同重要問(wèn)題中得到了利用。”