如果說(shuō),冬天火鍋和冰淇淋配的話,夏天風(fēng)靡全國(guó)的必然要數(shù)小龍蝦(crayfish)了。
而這兩天,湖北省潛江市的一個(gè)網(wǎng)紅“小龍蝦學(xué)院”引起了全國(guó)人民的關(guān)注。
這是一個(gè)高職院校里專門培養(yǎng)小龍蝦技能人才的飲食文化學(xué)院。
10日,全國(guó)人大代表、湖北省潛江市市長(zhǎng)龔定榮在接受《北京青年報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示,該市一家職業(yè)學(xué)院首批“小龍蝦專業(yè)”的130名學(xué)生還未畢業(yè),就已被求職市場(chǎng)“預(yù)訂一空”。
The first batch of students majoring in “crayfish studies” at a vocational college have secured employment before their graduation, Gong Dingrong, deputy of the National People's Congress and mayor of Qianjiang, Central China's Hubei Province, told the Beijing Youth Daily on Sunday.
龔定榮說(shuō):
“小龍蝦學(xué)院沒有就不了業(yè)的!”
"No graduate from the 'Crayfish School' goes without a job."
網(wǎng)紅小龍蝦學(xué)院
“小龍蝦學(xué)院”第一次亮相是在2017年。
潛江市在當(dāng)?shù)氐慕瓭h藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)校的飲食文化學(xué)院設(shè)置了小龍蝦相關(guān)的市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(crayfish marketing)、烹飪工藝與營(yíng)養(yǎng)(crayfish cooking)、餐飲管理(restaurant management)三個(gè)專業(yè),學(xué)制兩年,納入統(tǒng)招。
Jianghan Art Vocational College attracted national attention in 2017 when it launched the specialist crayfish school, which so far has attracted 130 students.
江漢藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)校2017年開設(shè)小龍蝦學(xué)院,成功引起全國(guó)人民的關(guān)注,目前,該專業(yè)已招收130名學(xué)生。
龔定榮說(shuō),學(xué)院是“認(rèn)真嚴(yán)肅”不是“鬧著玩兒”的。
“‘小龍蝦學(xué)院’是個(gè)實(shí)實(shí)在在的飲食文化學(xué)院,培養(yǎng)的人才也是實(shí)實(shí)在在的人才。它是在產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)上應(yīng)運(yùn)而生的一個(gè)學(xué)院。”
龔定榮介紹,“小龍蝦學(xué)院”還聘請(qǐng)了長(zhǎng)江水科所的院士,“主要是指導(dǎo)教材編撰,這方面必須有權(quán)威來(lái)做指導(dǎo)。此外有60名教師組成的教學(xué)隊(duì)伍,還有產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域從實(shí)踐到理論經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的專家、國(guó)內(nèi)知名烹飪大師等來(lái)授課。”
The academic faculty includes not only 60 teachers, but experts with rich experience in the field and celebrated master chefs, according to Gong.
他表示,今年會(huì)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大“小龍蝦學(xué)院”的招生規(guī)模,并且會(huì)擴(kuò)充專業(yè),“比如增加種植養(yǎng)殖中涉及的各個(gè)專業(yè),小龍蝦方向、蝦稻共作方向等。”
The college is planning to expand enrollments to 200 this year. The candidates have to be under 40 years old, and the tuition is 5,000 yuan per year. Besides learning professional skills applicable to the restaurant industry, students also study English, IT and other public courses.
今年,“小龍蝦學(xué)院”計(jì)劃擴(kuò)招200名學(xué)生。考生必須在40歲以下,學(xué)費(fèi)為每年5000元。學(xué)生除了學(xué)習(xí)餐飲業(yè)的專業(yè)技能外,還學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)等公共課程。
小龍蝦專業(yè)就業(yè)前景
龔定榮給出了一組數(shù)據(jù)。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì),潛江小龍蝦產(chǎn)業(yè)的就業(yè)人數(shù)為13萬(wàn)至15萬(wàn),占到了當(dāng)?shù)貏趧?dòng)人口的一半以上。
In Qianjiang, 130,000 to 150,000 people are engaged in crayfish-related industries, accounting for half of the city's labour force, Gong introduced.
除了學(xué)歷教育之外,“小龍蝦學(xué)院”三年來(lái)還對(duì)6000多人進(jìn)行了短期培訓(xùn)。
培訓(xùn)三個(gè)月或半年,這些人才進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)后很搶手,一般年薪都在12萬(wàn)元。
有三年工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的廚師,每個(gè)月都是3萬(wàn)元至5萬(wàn)元的薪資待遇,非常受市場(chǎng)青睞。
Gong said the going monthly rate for a crayfish cook with three years' experience was between 30,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan.
他表示,“小龍蝦學(xué)院”的學(xué)生沒有不能就業(yè)的,就業(yè)的沒有低收入的。
小龍蝦專業(yè)的火爆,再次說(shuō)明職業(yè)教育就應(yīng)該以社會(huì)需求為導(dǎo)向。
今年的政府工作報(bào)告也提出:
“加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育,既有利于緩解當(dāng)前就業(yè)壓力,也是解決高技能人才短缺的戰(zhàn)略之舉。”
Stepping up the development of modern vocational education is a strategic move that will not only ease current employment pressure, but also help to address the shortage of highly-skilled personnel.
同時(shí),政府工作報(bào)告也明確,今年高職院校將擴(kuò)招100萬(wàn)(expand enrollment at vocational colleges by one million)。
為啥小龍蝦這么火
為啥小龍蝦學(xué)院的學(xué)生還未畢業(yè)就已被一搶而空?
據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部漁業(yè)漁政管理局、全國(guó)水產(chǎn)技術(shù)推廣總站、中國(guó)水產(chǎn)學(xué)會(huì)2018年6月發(fā)布的中國(guó)小龍蝦產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展報(bào)告顯示:中國(guó)是一個(gè)小龍蝦消費(fèi)大國(guó)。
一句話總結(jié):愛吃!能吃!
Crayfish, or ‘little lobster’ in Chinese, was the most popular dish, based on a list of the top 10 most-ordered dishes on Chinese consumer app Meituan-Dianping.
根據(jù)中國(guó)消費(fèi)者應(yīng)用程序美團(tuán)點(diǎn)評(píng)發(fā)布的十大最受歡迎菜肴排行榜,小龍蝦是最受歡迎的菜肴。
而如今,食客們對(duì)小龍蝦的要求增多:口味多樣化、食品安全、保存運(yùn)輸?shù)取?/p>
小龍蝦這道美味在中國(guó)熱銷的“年歲”并不大。僅30年前,對(duì)于中國(guó)東部、中部的稻農(nóng)來(lái)說(shuō),小龍蝦不過(guò)是一種惹人討厭的東西。
The species is said to have been brought to China by the Japanese in the 1930s. Decades ago, crawfish were rarely seen on Chinese dining tables.
據(jù)說(shuō),小龍蝦是上世紀(jì)30年代由日本人帶入中國(guó)的。幾十年前,中國(guó)餐桌上鮮有它們的身影。
但如今,可以說(shuō),它是中國(guó)最受歡迎的菜肴。
When the World Cup started on June 15 last year, Meituan-Dianping, China's largest on demand online service provider, delivered more than 1.5 million crawfish between 9 pm and midnight across the country.
去年6月15日,世界杯剛剛拉開帷幕時(shí),美團(tuán)點(diǎn)評(píng)作為中國(guó)最大的即時(shí)在線服務(wù)供應(yīng)商,從晚上9點(diǎn)到午夜12點(diǎn)在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)累計(jì)運(yùn)送了超過(guò)150萬(wàn)小龍蝦。
據(jù)中國(guó)水產(chǎn)學(xué)報(bào)告,2017年,中國(guó)生產(chǎn)了112萬(wàn)噸小龍蝦,創(chuàng)造了2685億元的總產(chǎn)值。
目前,中國(guó)是世界上最大的小龍蝦生產(chǎn)國(guó),年產(chǎn)量占世界總產(chǎn)量的70%以上。
Crawfish-related industries, including farming, processing and catering, saw output rocket by about 83 percent year-on-year to reach 268.5 billion yuan in 2017. Crawfish catering alone generated about 200 billion yuan.
前年,我國(guó)小龍蝦相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)值同比增長(zhǎng)83%,達(dá)到了2685億元,而其中以餐飲業(yè)為主的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)值就達(dá)到了2000億元。
小龍蝦產(chǎn)業(yè)仍在快速擴(kuò)張。在歐洲,餐桌上三分之二的小龍蝦都來(lái)自中國(guó)潛江這個(gè)小小的城市。
小龍蝦這道菜不僅美味,而且還能提高人們的社交質(zhì)量。
張駿是武漢的一名工程師,從2003年就開始吃小龍蝦了。他對(duì)于小龍蝦的火爆也有自己的看法:
"No matter who you are and what your social status is, you have to pocket your pride when eating crawfish. You have to roll up your sleeves, as the oil will soon cover your hands and even flow to your elbow. From this point of view, it helps bridge the gap between different people," he said.
“無(wú)論你是誰(shuí),來(lái)自哪個(gè)社會(huì)階層,要吃小龍蝦,就不能‘端著’,都得擼起袖子,因?yàn)橛筒粌H會(huì)沾滿你的手,甚至還會(huì)順著胳膊一路而下,流到胳膊肘。從這一點(diǎn)上來(lái)講,小龍蝦能拉近人與人之間的距離。”張駿說(shuō)。
Zhang Jun said crawfish does not have much meat. It is time-consuming to eat, which makes it a perfect food for people to enjoy together.
張駿說(shuō),小龍蝦沒有什么肉,吃的時(shí)候很費(fèi)時(shí)間,正是這一點(diǎn)讓其成為人們社交時(shí)的絕佳食物。
而無(wú)論是誰(shuí)似乎都在一點(diǎn)上保持了高度的一致,那就是:好吃才是王道!