美國(guó)石油產(chǎn)量增至47年新高

US oil production has returned to a peak last seen in the heyday of the Texas oil boom 47 years ago, as the shale revolution that was temporarily set back by low crude prices has reignited.

美國(guó)石油產(chǎn)量已回升至47年前得克薩斯州石油熱潮鼎盛時(shí)期的峰值水平。前一段時(shí)間因油價(jià)低迷而暫時(shí)受挫的頁(yè)巖革命再度點(diǎn)燃。

The government’s Energy Information Administration estimated yesterday that US output was running at just under 10.04m barrels a day last November, fractionally below the previous record set in November 1970.

官方的美國(guó)能源情報(bào)署(Energy Information Administration)昨日估計(jì)，去年11月美國(guó)石油日產(chǎn)量逼近1004萬(wàn)桶，僅略低于1970年11月創(chuàng)下的紀(jì)錄。

Soaring output from shale wells has put the US on course to overtake Saudi Arabia and Russia to become the world’s largest crude producer, shaking up oil markets and the geopolitics of energy.

頁(yè)巖油產(chǎn)量飆升，使美國(guó)有望超越沙特阿拉伯和俄羅斯、成為世界最大的原油生產(chǎn)國(guó)，這將撼動(dòng)石油市場(chǎng)和能源地緣政治。

The spike in US production over the past decade is a remarkable reversal for a country that for decades was the biggest importer of crude and appeared to be heading for a future reliant on foreign supplies. But the new surge puts US output at more than double its low point of about 5m b/d in 2008.

過(guò)去10年來(lái)美國(guó)石油產(chǎn)量飆升，對(duì)于這個(gè)幾十年來(lái)一直是最大的原油進(jìn)口國(guó)、似乎正在走向依賴外國(guó)供應(yīng)的國(guó)家是一個(gè)顯著的逆轉(zhuǎn)。但新的大幅增產(chǎn)使美國(guó)的產(chǎn)量達(dá)到2008年低點(diǎn)(日均約500萬(wàn)桶)的兩倍多。

The new crude supply released by the shale oil boom has helped to hold down prices, benefiting consumers worldwide. It has boosted the US economy, creating tens of thousands of jobs, bolstered its energy security, created new international relationships, and given Washington new freedom to use sanctions as a tool for strategic influence.

頁(yè)巖油熱潮釋放的新原油供應(yīng)已幫助壓低價(jià)格，使世界各地的消費(fèi)者受益。它提振了美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)，創(chuàng)造了數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的就業(yè)崗位，提升了美國(guó)的能源安全，建立了新的國(guó)際關(guān)系，并在把制裁當(dāng)作戰(zhàn)略影響力的工具方面賦予了華盛頓新的自由。

“For decades the only question was how fast are US oil imports going to rise,” said Daniel Yergin, vice-chairman of IHS Markit. “Now global oil markets have been put in a bottle and shaken up, and new patterns are emerging.”

“曾經(jīng)有幾十年時(shí)間，唯一的問(wèn)題是美國(guó)石油進(jìn)口量增長(zhǎng)的速度會(huì)有多快，”IHS Markit副董事長(zhǎng)丹尼爾•耶金(Daniel Yergin)表示。“現(xiàn)在全球石油市場(chǎng)就像被放進(jìn)一個(gè)瓶子里用力搖動(dòng)，新的格局正在浮現(xiàn)。”