加拿大擬將軍費(fèi)開(kāi)支提高73%

Canada has set out a plan to boost military spending by 73 per cent in response to pressure from the US for allies to hike defence outlays and concerns that US President Donald Trump is steering his country away from its decades-old role as leader on the global stage.

加拿大制定了將軍費(fèi)開(kāi)支提高73%的計(jì)劃，這是為了回應(yīng)美國(guó)要求盟國(guó)增加防務(wù)開(kāi)支的壓力、以及美總統(tǒng)唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)引領(lǐng)美國(guó)告別數(shù)十年來(lái)在世界舞臺(tái)上扮演的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)角色所引發(fā)的擔(dān)憂。

Defence minister Harjit Sajjan, unveiling a new 20-year defence policy on Wednesday, said Canada’s overall defence budget will rise to $24.2bn by 2026-27 from $14bn now.

周三，加拿大國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)石俊(Harjit Sajjan，上圖)在宣布一項(xiàng)新的20年國(guó)防政策時(shí)表示，到2026-27年度時(shí)，加拿大總體國(guó)防預(yù)算將從目前的140億美元升至242億美元。

“If we’re serious about our role in the world, we must be serious about funding our military,” said Mr Sajjan. “And we are.”

“如果我們真的在意我們?cè)谑澜缟系慕巧覀兙捅仨殗?yán)肅對(duì)待軍費(fèi)這件事，”石俊說(shuō)，“我們真的在意。”

The increases would take Canada’s defence spending to 1.4 per cent of GDP by 2024-25, he said, nearer the 2 per cent goal set for Nato members and for which Mr Trump is pushing hard as he pursues his aim for greater “burden-sharing” among allies.

石俊說(shuō)，提高軍費(fèi)后，到2024-25年度加拿大國(guó)防開(kāi)支與國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)之比將達(dá)到1.4%，更為接近北約(Nato)為成員國(guó)設(shè)定的2%的目標(biāo)。特朗普正大力敦促北約成員國(guó)達(dá)標(biāo)，他的目標(biāo)是各盟國(guó)間應(yīng)該更多地“分擔(dān)責(zé)任”，目前他正致力于此。

Canada’s foreign minister Chrystia Freeland had framed greater investment in security as part of a need “to set our own clear and sovereign course” in a speech on Tuesday, but critics instead described it as an attempt to appease the US.

在周二的一場(chǎng)演講中，加拿大外長(zhǎng)方慧蘭(Chrystia Freeland)提出擴(kuò)大安全方面的投資，因?yàn)橛斜匾?ldquo;設(shè)定我們自己清晰、獨(dú)立自主的行進(jìn)路線”。但批評(píng)人士卻把此舉描述為一種取悅美國(guó)的努力。

“This is a total capitulation to the bullying of President Donald Trump,” said Peggy Mason, Canada’s former ambassador for disarmament and president of the Rideau Institute in Ottawa. “The Trudeau liberals did not campaign on, and in my view have no mandate for, these increases and there’s been no change in security to justify such astronomical increases. The only thing that’s changed is Donald Trump has been elected.”

“這是對(duì)唐納德•特朗普總統(tǒng)欺凌行為的全面投降，”加拿大前裁軍大使、渥太華里多研究所(Rideau Institute)所長(zhǎng)佩吉•梅森(Peggy Mason)說(shuō)，“以特魯多(Trudeau)為首的自由黨人并沒(méi)有倡議增加軍費(fèi)，而且在我看來(lái)他們也無(wú)權(quán)增加，安全形勢(shì)也并未出現(xiàn)什么能夠證明應(yīng)當(dāng)如此大幅提高軍費(fèi)的改變。唯一改變的事情就是唐納德•特朗普當(dāng)選了。”

Ms Freeland had said that Canada needed to step up as the US questions “the very worth of its mantle of global leadership”.

方慧蘭表示，在美國(guó)對(duì)“擔(dān)當(dāng)全球領(lǐng)導(dǎo)角色的價(jià)值”產(chǎn)生懷疑之際，加拿大需要出更大的力。

The US secretary for defence Jim Mattis said he was “heartened” by the new policy.

美國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)吉姆•馬蒂斯(Jim Mattis)表示，他對(duì)加拿大的新政策“感到鼓舞”。

Canada is the sixth-highest spender in Nato and 16th in the world, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Canada is a frequent contributor to overseas coalitions, including the war in Afghanistan as well as UN peacekeeping missions.

斯德哥爾摩國(guó)際和平研究所(SIPRI)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，加拿大軍費(fèi)開(kāi)支在北約排第6，在全球排第16。加拿大多次參與海外聯(lián)合軍事行動(dòng)，包括阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)。

Military experts say some of the plans, which include buying 15 new warships, 88 new fighter jets and recruiting 5,000 new troops, are long overdue.

軍事專家表示，其中一些計(jì)劃——包括采購(gòu)15艘新戰(zhàn)艦、88架新戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)和招募5000名新兵——早就應(yīng)該實(shí)施了。

Walter Dorn, professor at the Royal Military College of Canada and Canadian Forces College, said Ottawa had repeatedly postponed upgrading and replacing its fleet of helicopters, ships and other equipment for nearly 25 years.

加拿大皇家軍事學(xué)院(Royal Military College of Canada)、加拿大部隊(duì)學(xué)院(Canadian Forces College)教授沃爾特•多恩(Walter Dorn)表示，將近25年來(lái)，加拿大政府已多次推遲升級(jí)和更新其直升機(jī)編隊(duì)、艦艇及其他裝備。