中國擬打擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)“炒信”行為

China’s biggest internet companies have agreed to share data with government authorities in an effort to eliminate fake online reviews for services such as taxi rides and restaurants.

中國最大的一些互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司已同意對政府機(jī)構(gòu)共享數(shù)據(jù)，這一努力旨在消除對出租車、餐館等服務(wù)的虛假網(wǎng)絡(luò)評論。

Alibaba, Tencent, JD.com, 58.com, Didi Chuxing and Baidu have all agreed to support the initiative, which aims to improve consumer trust online in a country where faking sales and reviews is commonplace in ecommerce. The practice, known in Chinese as “brushing”, is used by merchants to gain prominent placement and more sales.

阿里巴巴(Alibaba)，騰訊(Tencent)，京東(JD.com)，58同城(58.com)、滴滴出行(Didi Chuxing)以及百度(Baidu)都已同意支持這一舉措，此舉旨在提高消費者在網(wǎng)上的信任感。中國電子商務(wù)中充斥著虛假銷售和評論，商家用“刷單炒信”的方式獲取更靠前的排位和更多銷量。

The National Development and Reform Commission, a key government agency, said yesterday that the agreement to fight “credit manipulation” would be part of a larger project announced last year to create a national “social credit system” aimed at promoting online trustworthiness.

中國國家發(fā)展和改革委員會昨日表示，打擊“炒信”協(xié)議是全國“社會信用體系”大型項目建設(shè)的一個組成部分，該項目于去年宣布，旨在提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的可信度。

“This [brushing] industry is becoming bigger and bigger, causing increasing danger to the healthy development of e-commerce business,” said Zhao Chenxin, an NDRC spokesperson.

發(fā)改委新聞發(fā)言人趙辰昕表示：“(‘炒信’)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈規(guī)模越來越大，對電子商務(wù)健康發(fā)展的危害越來越突出。”

Despite the pro-consumer rhetoric, there were worries that tightening rules on online reviews and transactions would help the government create more accurate profiles of Chinese citizens. The NDRC would be compiling a “credit blacklist” as part of a “joint disciplinary scheme,” one official acknowledged.

這一說法雖然聽起來有利于消費者，但也有人擔(dān)心，收緊關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)評論和交易的規(guī)定將幫助政府創(chuàng)建更準(zhǔn)確的中國公民資料。一位官員承認(rèn)，發(fā)改委將編制“炒信黑名單”，作為一項“聯(lián)合懲戒制度”的一部分。

The “social credit” plan published last year already has the aim of using algorithms and big data to rate not just citizens’ creditworthiness, but their overall “honesty” and “trustworthiness”.

去年發(fā)布的“社會信用”計劃已然確立了這樣的目標(biāo)：不僅要用算法和大數(shù)據(jù)對公民信用評分，還要對他們的整體“誠實度”和“可信度”評分。

“The incentive scheme for integrity and joint disciplinary scheme for dishonesty is an important part of China’s social credit system,” said Zhou Min of the NDRC’s state information centre.

發(fā)改委國家信息中心副主任周民表示：“守信聯(lián)合激勵和失信聯(lián)合懲戒是我們國家社會信用體系建設(shè)頂層設(shè)計的一項重要內(nèi)容。”

Privacy advocates fear the system is actually designed for mass surveillance. So far, however, government efforts have been largely theoretical. A draft of the plan said it would “use encouragement” to increase trust online.

主張保護(hù)隱私的人們擔(dān)心該體系實際上是為大規(guī)模監(jiān)視而設(shè)計的。但到目前為止，政府的努力基本還停留在理論上。該計劃草案表示將“運用激勵”來增加網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的信任度。

The system depends on China’s largest internet groups sharing user data, although no details of what would be provided to the government have been released. One employee of a large internet company admitted “this is mostly driven by our government relations people and we don’t have any details”.

這一信用體系取決于中國大型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司對其共享用戶數(shù)據(jù)，不過關(guān)于哪些信息會被提供給政府的具體情況尚未披露。一家大型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司的員工承認(rèn)，“這主要是我們負(fù)責(zé)政府關(guān)系的人員推動的，我們不清楚任何細(xì)節(jié)”。

Baidu, China’s largest search engine, and Alibaba, the ecommerce group, said they believed the system would help protect consumers against fraud.

中國最大搜索引擎百度以及電商集團(tuán)阿里巴巴表示，他們相信該體系有助于保護(hù)消費者免受欺詐。