運(yùn)動(dòng)反而使人變胖嗎？ Is working out making us FAT?

In an age of 'fitspiration', it might come as a surprise that new research claims that exercise is in fact what is stopping us shedding those dreaded love handles.

如今在這樣一個(gè)人人追求健美的時(shí)代，一項(xiàng)新研究調(diào)查結(jié)果可能會(huì)令人們感到吃驚。該研究稱運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)際上正是阻止我們甩掉可怕腰間贅肉的原因。

The survey conducted by the Weightloss and Health Institute asked over 1000 Australians to share whether their exercise and weight loss methods were proving effective. More than half of those who participated admitted that while they exercise, they can't seem to reach their weight loss goals.

健康瘦身研究所(Weightloss and Health Institute，以下簡稱WHI) 近日對1000名通過運(yùn)動(dòng)減重的澳洲人進(jìn)行了調(diào)查訪問，請他們分享自己的鍛煉減肥方法是否真的行之有效。其中超過半數(shù)人承認(rèn)，雖然他們進(jìn)行了鍛煉，但似乎總是不能達(dá)到自己所定的減肥目標(biāo)。

The biggest factor the WHI found that was leading to stilted weight loss was the direct link between strenuous exercise (any exercise seen to over exert the body) and the need to 'reward' or 'treat' yourself after your workout.

WHI發(fā)現(xiàn)，導(dǎo)致這種不理想的減重效果最大的直接因素就是人們在劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)(指一些可能會(huì)使身體透支的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目)之后，需要對自己進(jìn)行“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”或“犒勞”。

Results also found that those who solely exercised to lose weight would disregard their diet - with 53 per cent admitting they actually eat more after exercising and 41 per cent rewarding themselves with sugary treats after.

研究結(jié)果表明，那些僅僅通過鍛煉減肥的人不會(huì)注意自己的飲食。有53%的受訪者表示自己實(shí)際上會(huì)在運(yùn)動(dòng)后吃得更多，而41%的受訪者稱自己會(huì)用含有高糖分的食物作為運(yùn)動(dòng)后的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

Leading Australian weight loss coach Geoff Jowett says this 'reward system' is one of the most common reasons why exercise is leading to weight gain.

澳洲知名的瘦身教練喬伊特稱，這種“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)機(jī)制”正是導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)后體重反而增加的一大普遍原因。

'It's been found that statistically if women participate in strenuous exercise they are likely to reward themselves after with something sweet,' says Jowett.

“經(jīng)過調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)后我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多女性如果進(jìn)行了劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)，她們很可能會(huì)在運(yùn)動(dòng)后選擇吃一些甜食來犒賞自己，”喬伊特這樣說。

'What happens is they will do a Cross Fit class then go and eat a piece of cake because they think they deserve it. Which means you can become fit and fat at the same time,' he said.

他說：“比如她們在做完一節(jié)交叉健身課程后就會(huì)去吃一塊蛋糕，因?yàn)樗齻冋J(rèn)為這是自己應(yīng)得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。這也就意味著人們在健身的同時(shí)也會(huì)變得肥胖。”

A study conducted by Arizona State University also recently found similar results when they studied the effects of aerobic exercise on overweight women.

近日，亞利桑那州立大學(xué)也進(jìn)行了關(guān)于有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)對超重女性有何效果的研究，該研究結(jié)果與之相似。

The researchers asked 81 women who had a sedentary lifestyle to participate in a 12 week aerobic exercise program involving three treadmill sessions a week. They were also asked not to alter their diet.

研究人員邀請了81名平日有著靜態(tài)生活方式的女性參加了一個(gè)12周有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)劃，平均每周有三次在跑步機(jī)上的鍛煉機(jī)會(huì)，同時(shí)研究人員也要求她們不要改變自己的飲食習(xí)慣。

The end result found that while they were fitter after twelve weeks, they also were fatter. There was no noticeable weight loss amongst the group and almost 70 per cent of the women had piled on some fat mass during the program.

研究最終結(jié)果表明，盡管12周后她們或許變得比以前健美了一些，但同時(shí)也比以前胖了。這組女性并沒有顯著的減重成果，其中近70%的女性在參與這一計(jì)劃后堆積了更多的脂肪。

Jowett says the important thing to note is that fitness and weight loss are different ball games. He believes it's a 80/20 ratio with 80 per cent being about what we eat and 20 per cent exercise.

喬伊特稱有重要的一點(diǎn)需要我們注意，那就是健身與減重是截然不同的兩個(gè)概念。他認(rèn)為80%與20%的比率才是恰當(dāng)?shù)?，而其?0%是關(guān)于我們的飲食，20%關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)。

So what counts as strenuous exercise? 'Anything that you assess on a "Relative Perceived Exertion" scale, with one being easiest and ten being harmful,' says Jowett.

那么到底什么算是劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)呢?喬伊特說：“可以用相對自覺運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度指數(shù)來衡量，1表示很輕松，10就表示對身體有損害了。”

'A brisk walk is good because you can still talk, but if you're doing exercise that feels above a seven like running, cycling, aerobics, Cross Fit, then it won't be good for weight loss,' he said.

他說：“快走就屬于十分好的運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)樵谏⒉降耐瑫r(shí)你還可以說話。但如果你進(jìn)行超過七分體力的運(yùn)動(dòng)，例如跑步，騎單車，有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，交叉健身等，這些都可能不利于減重。”

Jowett also notes that the exercise on 'The Biggest Loser' is not sustainable for people who are dramatically overweight because apart from the likelihood of injury and muscle strain, workouts like running are too strenuous on the body and lead to a spike in hunger which results in sugar cravings, high insulin levels and weight gain.

喬伊特也強(qiáng)調(diào)了那種在《超級減肥王》節(jié)目中的運(yùn)動(dòng)并不適用于一些明顯超重的人群持續(xù)進(jìn)行，除了十分容易發(fā)生受傷和肌肉勞損的情況外，跑步這類劇烈的運(yùn)動(dòng)對于身體能量的消耗很大，容易使人感到饑餓并激發(fā)身體對于糖分的渴望，增加了胰島素水平而導(dǎo)致體重增加。

The solution Jowett believes is to separate fitness and weight loss. Address the weight issue first by taking steps towards healthy eating and then also adopt a simple 10,000 step a day approach.

喬伊特所推薦的解決方法是將健身與減重分開進(jìn)行。要解決體重問題，第一步就是要先有健康的飲食習(xí)慣，然后每天進(jìn)行簡單的10000步快走運(yùn)動(dòng)。

For those who aren't sure how to tackle the basics, Jowett has also developed new weight loss app 'Trim for Life' that assists you with a holistic health plan including: personalised recipes, motivation and expert tips from some of Australia's best health and fitness coaches (including celebrity trainer Luke Istomin).

對于那些不確定自己該如何開始進(jìn)行最基礎(chǔ)第一步的人，喬伊特也為他們開發(fā)了一種新型的減重應(yīng)用程序，“整理生活”。這一應(yīng)用程序能夠幫你制定出全面的生活健康計(jì)劃，其中包括來自于全澳洲最優(yōu)秀的健身教練們的所提出的關(guān)于減重的個(gè)性化食譜、鼓勵(lì)、小提示等。(教練中還包括明星教練伊斯托明)

If fitness is still a priority, Jowett says you can always step up the hardcore exercise later.

如果健身仍然是一些人的優(yōu)先選擇的話，喬伊特教練建議可以在隨后增加一些高強(qiáng)度的訓(xùn)練。

As for whether exercise is necessary at all - Jowell says if it's to drop kilos, forget about it.

至于說運(yùn)動(dòng)到底是不是必要的，喬伊特教練表示如果你只是為了減掉體重的話，那還是算了。

'Strenuous exercise is not the right prescription, it's like cough medicine for a toe infection, it's just not the solution for weight loss.'

“劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)絕對不是正確的瘦身方法，這就像是用止咳藥去治療腳趾感染一樣，是完全不適合減重的方案。”

Vocabulary

love handle: 腰間贅肉

sedentary: 久坐不動(dòng)的

treadmill: 跑步機(jī)

insulin：胰島素