北京擬建通風廊道“吹”霧霾

北京擬建通風廊道“吹”霧霾

When Beijing experiences bouts of pollution that blacken the skies and burn the lungs, residents often joke that the Chinese capital needs to build giant fans to clear out the toxic air. Mountains to the north and west help trap smog in the city, and a stiff breeze from Mongolia is the surest way to ensure somewhat cleaner air.

北京所經(jīng)歷的一輪輪污染，讓天空變得灰暗，使人們感到肺部灼燒。居民們經(jīng)常開玩笑說，北京需要樹一些巨型風扇，來把這種有毒空氣吹走。位于北部和西部的山巒把霧霾困在城里，而來自蒙古的強風則是讓空氣變潔凈的最有力保障。

Beijing officials are now considering ways to help that process. Though giant fans are not on the menu, at least not yet, city planners are looking at ways to create corridors that encourage wind flow through the capital. The plan is inspired by research on urban heat islands, which shows that large buildings that block the wind are one of the causes of higher average temperatures in cities as opposed to those in the countryside.

北京的官員目前正在考慮，怎樣才能推動這一過程。雖然沒打算建巨型風扇——至少目前沒有——城市規(guī)劃部門正在想辦法開辟一些能讓風吹過北京的廊道。該計劃受到了關(guān)于城市熱島效應(yīng)的研究的啟發(fā)。研究表明，擋住空氣流通的大型建筑物是導致城市地區(qū)平均溫度比鄉(xiāng)村更高的原因之一。

Some critics of the plan say that Beijing, a city of 21 million people, is already so developed — with some suburbs expanding 30 miles or more from the city center — that adding restrictions on future construction will have little effect. They say the persistent air pollution problem will be solved only by controlling emissions from cars, factories, power plants and other sources.

對計劃持批評態(tài)度的一些人表示，北京這座城市擁有2100萬人口，開發(fā)程度已經(jīng)相當之高——部分郊區(qū)距離市中心有50公里，乃至更遠——所以對未來的建設(shè)項目加以限制，不會產(chǎn)生多少效果。他們認為，只有控制來自汽車、工廠、發(fā)電廠和其他來源的排放，才能解決揮之不去的空氣污染問題。

The Beijing Municipal Institute of City Planning and Design is now investigating how limits on building height and location along six corridors may improve air flow in four areas, The Beijing News reported on Friday. Those areas are the central north-south axis through the Drum and Bell Towers, the central business district on the city’s east side, the Shilihe District in the southeast and a west-east corridor running through Qianmen.

據(jù)《新京報》上周五報道，北京市城市規(guī)劃設(shè)計研究院正在研究，限制六條廊道沿線的建筑物高度和地點，從而有望給四個區(qū)域的空氣流通帶來改善。涉及的區(qū)域分別是北辰路-鼓樓大街一帶、CBD東擴區(qū)、位于東南部的十里河區(qū)域，以及東西走向的前三門護城河。

Peng Yingdeng, an air pollution expert at the Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, told the newspaper that the plan would not involve any large-scale demolition or construction, but it was more likely to entail an adjustment of current regulations to limit building heights and densities in specified areas. Similar proposals are under consideration in other major Chinese cities including Hangzhou, Nanjing, Shenyang and Wuhan.

北京市環(huán)境保護科學研究院的空氣污染專家彭應(yīng)登告訴《新京報》，在實施該計劃的過程中，不會大拆大建，而是對目前的規(guī)定進行調(diào)整，以限制特定區(qū)域的建筑高度和密度。杭州、南京、沈陽和武漢等其他一些中國大城市也在考慮類似提議。

“This kind of work to search for ways to reduce pollution is really worth applauding,” the state-run news agency Xinhua said in a commentary. “If scientists confirm it is effective, then we should promote it on a much larger scale.”

“這樣的人工治霾探索值得鼓勵，”官方媒體新華社在一篇評論文章中表示。“如果經(jīng)科學評估確實見效，則應(yīng)在更大范圍推廣。”

Some experts have expressed doubts that the plan would make a significant difference. Episodes of serious pollution are usually associated with periods of little or no wind, and air corridors do little good if the wind isn’t blowing, Song Guojun, an environmental science professor at Renmin University, told The Beijing News. Solving the air pollution problem ultimately requires controlling pollution sources, he said.

有些專家對這個計劃將帶來多大改變心存疑問。中國人民大學環(huán)境學院教授宋國君在接受《新京報》采訪時說，北京每次遇到重污染通常都與基本無風的靜穩(wěn)狀況有關(guān)，如果沒有風，風道也起不到什么作用。他表示，解決空氣污染問題，最終還是要靠治理污染源。