2) person: 它泛指 man,woman 或 child 中的任何一個(gè),其復(fù)數(shù)形式是 persons,但人們習(xí)慣用 people 代替persons。“一個(gè)人”常譯作 a person,而需要說明一個(gè)人的性別時(shí),要用 a man 或 a woman 來表示。
3) human being: 一般是用來指任何人或整個(gè)人類,不考慮性別(相當(dāng)于mankind)。表示“人類”這個(gè)物種。通常提到“地球”、“宇宙”或者“動(dòng)植物”時(shí),作為一個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)的概念存在。比如:1.human beings are the dominant species in this planet. 2.That's one small step for man, but one giant leap for human beings (也可用 mankind).
4) individual: 可作名詞,表示“個(gè)人”。通常跟“集體”、“國(guó)家”相對(duì)應(yīng)。強(qiáng)調(diào)每一個(gè)人,相當(dāng)于“every single person”。比如:this newly introduced policy is going to have profound influence on individuals.
5) one: 不定代詞,泛指“一個(gè)人”,通常后面跟一種特點(diǎn),指的是“具備這種特點(diǎn)”的一個(gè)人會(huì)怎樣。例子:one who refuses criticism from others is unlikely to succeed in life.
6) those who: 這兩個(gè)詞通常連用,表示“那些...人”,用法跟 one 相似,只不過 one 表單數(shù),例子:those who break the law should be brought into justice(受到法律的制裁).
7) population: 指“人口”;也可以用來表示“全體人民”、“國(guó)民”,強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)整個(gè)國(guó)家人民的“整體”的概念。比如:Mandela gained support from the population by his charismatic endeavors and speeches.
8) the public: 公眾,表示社會(huì)上大多數(shù)人(的看法或意見)。This action of deception comes under heavy condemn from the public. (*population 表示整個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的人,而 public更加偏重社會(huì)上主流人群。