Jack often visits his grandmother in Chicago. -> The adverb 'often' tells us how often Jack visits his grandmother in Chicago.
杰克經(jīng)常去芝加哥看望奶奶。->副詞often告訴我們杰克去芝加哥看望奶奶的頻率。
Alice plays golf very well. -> The adverb 'well' tells us how Alice plays golf. It tells us the quality of how she plays.
愛麗絲的高爾夫打得很好。->副詞well告慰我們愛麗絲打高爾夫的情況,即水平。
However, they must remember to clean up before they leave. -> The adverb 'however' connects the sentence to the independent clause or sentence that comes before it.
但是,他們必須記住,在離開之前打掃干凈。->副詞however將該句與之前的獨立從句或句子連接了起來。
你可能會注意到,這三個句子中,副詞的位置都不相同。英語中副詞的位置有時候會讓人摸不著頭腦。一般來說,只有具體到某一種副詞時,我們才會講解其位置。頻率副詞的位置是直接放在主要動詞前面。因此,它們位于句子。這被稱為副詞位置的“中間位置”。下面是關于英語中副詞位置的一般說明:
Adverb Placement - Initial Position
副詞位置——初始位置
位于從句或句子前的副詞位置被稱為“初始位置”。
1.Connecting Adverbs
連接副詞
當我們使用連接副詞將一段陳述與之前的從句或句子連接起來時,就是用到副詞的初始位置。
你一定要記住,連接副詞位于句子的開頭,以便于和之前的句子連接在一起。連接副詞后經(jīng)常會跟有逗號。連接副詞數(shù)量繁多,下面是一些最常使用的:
However
但是
Consequently
最終
Then
然后
Next
接下來
Still
仍然
Examples:
例子
Life is hard. However, life can be fun.
生活充滿艱辛,卻又不乏樂趣。
The market is very difficult these days. Consequently, we need to focus on what works best for our customers.
這段時間市場很不景氣。所以,我們要將重點放在那些最能為顧客提供優(yōu)質(zhì)服務的事情上。
My friend Mark doesn't enjoy school. Still, he's working hard at getting good grades.
我朋友馬克不喜歡上學。但他仍然為了考高分而努力學習。
2.Time Adverbs
時間副詞
時間副詞也會用在句首,用來表示某事發(fā)生的時間。值得注意的是時間副詞的位置是多變的。在所有的副詞中,時間副詞的位置是最為靈活的。
Examples:
例子:
Tomorrow Peter is going to visit his mother in Chicago.
皮特明天要去芝加哥看望媽媽。
Sundays I like playing golf with my friends.
我喜歡在周日和朋友一起打高爾夫。
Sometimes Jennifer enjoys a relaxing day at the beach.
有時候,珍妮弗會在海邊度過輕松的一天。
Adverb Placement - Middle Position
副詞位置——中間位置
1.Focusing Adverbs
焦點副詞
焦點副詞的位置一般位于句子中,或者說是“中間位置”。焦點副詞會對句子中的一個部分進行強調(diào),以便對其修飾、限制或補充額外信息。頻率副詞(sometimes、usually、never等),表可能性的副詞(probably、certainly等)以及評論性副詞(表達觀點的副詞,例如intelligently、expertly等)都可以用作焦點副詞。
Examples:
例子:
She often forgets to take her umbrella to work.
她經(jīng)常上班忘了帶傘。
Sam stupidly left his computer at home instead of taking it with him to the conference.
薩姆笨拙地把電腦忘在家了,而不是把它帶到會議上。
I'll certainly buy a copy of his book.
我一定會帶上他書籍的復印本。
NOTE: Remember that adverbs of frequency are always placed before the main verb, rather than the auxiliary verb. (I don't often go to San Francisco. NOT I often don't go to San Francisco.)
注意:機制頻率副詞總是位于主要動詞前面,而不是助動詞前面。(是I don't often go to San Francisco.而不是I often don't go to San Francisco.)
Adverb Placement - End Position
副詞位置——句末
副詞位置經(jīng)常是在句子或短語的末尾。副詞可以位于句首或句子,頁可以位于句子或短語的末尾。下面是最常見位于句子或短語末尾的副詞。
1.Adverbs of Manner
方式副詞
Adverb placement of adverbs of manner usually occurs at the end of a sentence or clause.
表方式的副詞經(jīng)常位于句子或從句的末尾。
Adverbs of manner tell us 'how' something is done.
方式副詞告訴我們某事完成的方式。
Examples:
例子:
Susan hasn't done this report accurately.
蘇珊沒有準確地完成這個報告。
Sheila plays piano thoughtfully.
塞拉專注地彈著鋼琴。
Tim does his math homework carefully.
蒂姆認真地作者數(shù)學作業(yè)。
2.Adverbs of Place
地點副詞
表地點的副詞經(jīng)常位于句子或從句的末尾。地點副詞告訴我們某事完成的地點。
Examples:
例子:
Barbara is cooking pasta downstairs.
芭芭拉在樓下做意大利面。
I'm working in the garden outside.
我在外面的花園里工作。
They will investigate the crime downtown.
他們會調(diào)查這起發(fā)生在市中心的案件。
3.Adverbs of Time
時間副詞
時間副詞的位置經(jīng)常位于句子或從句的末尾。時間副詞告訴我們某事完成的時間。
Examples:
例子:
Angie likes relaxing at home on weekends.
安琪周末喜歡在家休息。
Our meeting takes place at three o'clock.
我們的會議在三點進行。
Frank is having a checkup tomorrow afternoon.
法蘭克明天下午有一項健康檢查。