英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法基本知識(shí)——句子成分 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法基本知識(shí)——句子成分

　　一. 狀語(yǔ)

　　是修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞等句子成分。狀語(yǔ)表示地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間，原因，目的，結(jié)果，條件，讓步，程度，方式，伴隨情況等。做狀語(yǔ)的有副詞，名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，分詞及其短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式及其短語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)從句等。下面依次舉例：

　　These products are selling quickly.

　　He is knee deep in snow.

　　The best fish swim near the bottom.

　　She sat there doing nothing.

　　We’ll send a car over to fetch you.

　　She was slow to make up her mind.

　　Strike while the iron is hot.

　　There is no such a word in English so far as I know.

　　七.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

　　英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞，除了要有賓語(yǔ)外，還要加上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，才能使句子意思完整。如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句，原賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，原賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)相應(yīng)的變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。可以擔(dān)當(dāng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的有名詞，形容詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式，分詞等。下面依次舉例：

　　They elected me captain of the team.

　　He made me ashamed of myself.

　　We found everything there in good order.

　　I should advise you not to miss the chance.

　　I could feel my heart beating fast.

　　The price is expected to rise in the near future.

　　Some goods are left unsold.

　　She was elected director of public relations.