人教版高一英語重點(diǎn)語法總結(jié)
人教版高一英語重點(diǎn)語法總結(jié)
同學(xué)們還在頭疼到底應(yīng)該記哪些語法嘛?今天跟小編來看看有哪些重點(diǎn)語法吧!
Unit1:
直接引語和間接引語(一)
直接引語：直接引述別人的原話。一般前后要加引號。
間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。間接引語在多數(shù)情況下可構(gòu)成賓語從句且不要加引號。 例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy.
變化規(guī)則
1. 陳述句的變化規(guī)則
直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用連詞that(可省略)引導(dǎo)，從句中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。
(1)人稱的變化——人稱的變化主要是要理解句子的意思
例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.
2. He said to me, “I'v left my book in your room.” → He told me that he had left his book in my room.
例： “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne. →Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary. The boy said, “I’m using a knife.” → The boy said that he was using a knife.
▲注意：如果直接引語是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，
如： He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
He said that light travels much faster than sound.
(2)指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化
3. 疑問句的變化規(guī)則
如果直接引語是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，句末用句號。 (1)一般疑問句：如果直接引語是一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞是say或said時(shí)，要改為 ask 或asked,原問句變?yōu)橛蒳f/whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
例:“Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says. → The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.
(3)特殊疑問句：如果間接引語是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，仍用原來的引導(dǎo)詞，但疑問句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍洹?/p>
例：“What do you want?” he asked me.
→ He asked me what I wanted
Unit2:
直接引語和間接引語(二)
3.祈使句的變化規(guī)則
如果直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并根據(jù)句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面還要加上not。
例：The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”
→ The hostess asked us to sit down.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→ He told the boys not to make so much noise.
Unit3:
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來
表示在近期按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
?、?瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)在任何情況下都表示將來含義。
這些動(dòng)詞包括go , come , leave，arrive , return等。
I am leaving. 我將要離開了。
I am leaving tomorrow. 我將會明天離開。
?、?持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)，只有在有將來時(shí)間狀語或?qū)碚Z境的情況下才可以表示將來含義。 An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon.
今天下午一位美國教授將要作報(bào)告。(將來含義)
An American professor is giving a lecture. 一個(gè)美國教授正在作報(bào)告。(進(jìn)行含義)
Unit4:
定語從句
概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。
成分：先行詞，即被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞;關(guān)系代詞：that，which，who(賓格為whom,所有格為whose);或者關(guān)系副詞where，when，why等。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間，起著連接主從句的作用。
1. 關(guān)系代詞that的用法
關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中既能指人，也能指物;既能做主語，也能做賓語。
例：1)A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主語)
2)The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物，作賓語，可省略)
3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人，作主語)
4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人，作賓語，可省略)
2. 關(guān)系代詞which的用法
3. 關(guān)系代詞which在定語從句中只能指物，既可以做賓語也能作主語。
例：1)They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主語)
2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作賓語，可省略)
4. 關(guān)系代詞who，whom的用法
關(guān)系代詞who,whom 只能指人，在定語從句中分別作主語和賓語
例：1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主語)
3)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作賓語，可省略)
5. 關(guān)系代詞whose的用法
關(guān)系代詞whose為關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式，其先行詞既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語從句中既可以做主語也可以做賓語。
例：1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人，作主語)
2) The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物，作主語)
3) He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (指物，作賓語)
6. 關(guān)系副詞when的用法 關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語
例：1)I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.
2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?
7. 關(guān)系副詞where在定語從句中的用法
關(guān)系副詞where在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語
例：1)This is the place where( =at/in which) we first met.
3) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very clean.
8. 關(guān)系副詞why在定語從句中的用法
關(guān)系副詞why在定語從句中作原因狀語
例: 1). I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which) I left.
2) . The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.
看完小編的總結(jié)同學(xué)們有沒有思路清晰一點(diǎn)呢?
