[英]威廉·莎士比亞(William Shakespeare)
《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亞最負(fù)盛名的一部悲劇。丹麥王子哈姆雷特深陷在厭世情緒中,因?yàn)樗竿醯娜ナ篮退负髠}(cāng)促地改嫁新任國(guó)王——他的叔叔克勞迪斯。隨后哈姆雷特的父王在他面前顯靈,并告訴他自己是克勞迪斯謀殺的,克勞迪斯還篡取了王位并霸占了王后,他同時(shí)激勵(lì)王子為自己不該發(fā)生的慘劇而復(fù)仇??墒枪防滋夭痪邆洚?dāng)時(shí)復(fù)仇者那種頭腦簡(jiǎn)單而嗜血成性的品格,他多疑而又好沉思,因此每當(dāng)他采取行動(dòng)時(shí),總是以失敗告終。以下節(jié)選的片段是劇中最負(fù)盛名的王子獨(dú)白,細(xì)膩地揭示了哈姆雷特內(nèi)心的思想與復(fù)仇的行動(dòng)所產(chǎn)生的矛盾。
Ham.
To be, or not to be—that is the question;
Whether'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them?To die, to sleep—
No more, and by a sleep to say we end
The heartache and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to'tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;
To sleep, perchance to dream. Ay, there's the rub;
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come,
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause. There's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life;
For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,
Th'oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,
The pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay,
The insolence of office, and the spurns
That patient merit of th'unworthy takes,
When he himself might his quietus make
With a bare bodkin?Who would these fardels bear,
To grunt and sweat under a weary life,
But that the dread of something after death—
The undiscover'd country, from whose bourn
No traveler returns—puzzles the will,
And makes us rather bear those ills we have
Than fly to others that we know not of?
Thus conscience does make cowards of us all;
And thus the native hue of resolution
Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,
And enterprises of great pith and moment
With this regard, their currents turn awry
And lose the name of action.
哈姆雷特:
生存還是毀滅,這是一個(gè)問題;
一個(gè)高貴的靈魂是該去承受
狂暴命運(yùn)的無(wú)情摧殘,
還是該挺身去反抗那無(wú)邊的煩惱,
并將它們一掃而凈?死了,睡了——
不再有了;如果睡眠能結(jié)束我們心靈的創(chuàng)傷和
肉體所承受的上百種痛苦,這結(jié)局倒也圓滿
倒也得償所愿。死了,睡了;
可睡著了或許還會(huì)做夢(mèng)。這就麻煩了;
當(dāng)我們蛻去了這塵世的軀殼后,
在那死亡之眠中又會(huì)有怎樣的夢(mèng)呢?
得好好想想。可就是這點(diǎn)顧慮
使人終身受折磨;
有誰(shuí)愿意去忍受時(shí)光的鞭打與嘲弄,
壓迫者的不仁,高傲者的鄙夷,
忍受那失戀的痛苦,正義遙不可期。
愿意忍受官員們的傲慢,辛勞奉獻(xiàn)后卻換來(lái)多少凌辱?
而只要一把小小的匕首他就可以
解脫了。誰(shuí)愿意去肩負(fù)重?fù)?dān),
在煩勞生活的壓力下呻吟、流汗,
可是對(duì)死后又感到恐懼——
從來(lái)沒有任何人從死亡的
國(guó)土里回來(lái)——因此動(dòng)搖了,
使我們寧愿忍受目前的苦難
而不愿投奔向另一些未知的痛苦?
于是顧慮使我們變成了懦夫;
那決斷時(shí)無(wú)畏的血色
染了層思想多慮的病容,
那許多偉大的事業(yè)與時(shí)刻
就是在這顧慮之下,改變了初衷,
喪失了行動(dòng)的意義。
Don't believe that winning is really everything.It's more important to stand for something.If you don't stand for something, what do you win?
——Lane Kirkland
不要認(rèn)為取勝就是一切,更重要的是要有信念。倘若你沒有信念,那勝利又有什么意義呢?
——柯克蘭
實(shí)戰(zhàn)提升
作者介紹
威廉·莎士比亞(1564—1616)是世界上最杰出的戲劇家和詩(shī)人之一。他一生共創(chuàng)作了38個(gè)劇本、154首十四行詩(shī)及2首長(zhǎng)詩(shī)。他是世界文學(xué)史上的巨擘。他認(rèn)為文學(xué)應(yīng)該是真、善、美的結(jié)合,應(yīng)該反映人性與現(xiàn)實(shí)。
單詞注解
outrageous[aut5reidVEs]adj.可憎的;可恥的
quietus[kwai5i:tEs]n.最后的一擊;死;清償
resolution[7rezE5lu:FEn]n.決心;決定
pith[piW]n.精髓;要旨;核心
名句大搜索
生存還是毀滅,這是一個(gè)問題。
于是顧慮使我們變成了懦夫。
就是在這顧慮之下,改變了初衷,喪失了行動(dòng)的意義。