世界微笑日：微笑的背后有多少秘密？

科學(xué)研究表明，我們一出生就會(huì)微笑。不經(jīng)意間露出笑容時(shí)，我們?cè)谙胄┦裁?？雖然剛出生時(shí)還沒有復(fù)雜的意識(shí)，但一個(gè)淺淺的微笑，仿佛已將我們和世間美好聯(lián)系在一起。

在這個(gè)萬物欣欣向榮的日子里，我們迎來了讓人心情倍兒棒的世界微笑日（World Smile Day）。世界微笑日由世界精神衛(wèi)生聯(lián)盟（World Federation for Mental Health）確立于1948年，它是唯一一個(gè)慶祝人類行為表情的節(jié)日。世界精神衛(wèi)生聯(lián)盟希望通過鼓勵(lì)微笑來促進(jìn)人類身心健康，同時(shí)在人與人之間傳遞愉悅與友善，增進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧。

微笑是無聲的問候，它能拉近彼此心靈的距離?；蛟S握手、擁抱和鞠躬對(duì)于不同文化背景下的人有著不同的含義，但微笑卻可以跨越所有文化，給人們帶來幸福和美好的感覺。你有想過微笑會(huì)給我們的身心帶來哪些變化嗎？為何有時(shí)身邊的人一笑你的心情也會(huì)跟著變好呢？今天我們就來一起探尋微笑的秘密吧！

Babies are born with the ability to smile.
嬰兒天生就有微笑的能力。

Babies learn a lot of behaviors and sounds from watching the people around them, but scientists believe that all babies are born with the ability, since even blind babies smile.
嬰兒會(huì)通過觀察周圍的人來學(xué)習(xí)各種行為和聲音，但科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為所有嬰兒天生就有微笑的能力，因?yàn)榧词故鞘鞯膵雰阂矔?huì)微笑。

Babies smile in sleep, from birth, but it takes around four to six weeks, before they start smiling when they are awake.
嬰兒從出生開始就會(huì)在睡夢(mèng)中微笑，但需要大約4到6周的時(shí)間才會(huì)開始在醒著的時(shí)候微笑。

Smiling releases endorphins and relieves stress.
微笑可以釋放內(nèi)啡肽，緩解壓力。

Feeling stressed out and over-loaded? Try smiling. According to recent studies, smiling has the power to reduce stress and increase our ability to deal with trying situations. This is largely owing to the fact that smiling boosts endorphin output and forces us to breathe deeper, resulting in a calmer outlook and increased coping ability.
感到壓力太大、負(fù)擔(dān)過重嗎？試著微笑吧！最新研究表明，微笑具有減輕壓力和提升我們處理困難的能力的作用。這在很大程度上是因?yàn)槲⑿梢栽黾觾?nèi)啡肽的分泌，迫使我們深呼吸，從而使我們更加平靜，應(yīng)對(duì)能力更強(qiáng)。

When you smile, even when you force it, your body releases the "feel good" hormones and endorphins, which will put you in a much better mood and relieve stress.
當(dāng)你微笑的時(shí)候，即使你是在強(qiáng)迫自己微笑，你的身體也會(huì)釋放讓你“感覺良好”的荷爾蒙和內(nèi)啡肽，這會(huì)讓你心情更好，也能緩解壓力。

Smiling boosts the immune system.
微笑可以增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)。

Smiling really can improve your physical health. Your body is more relaxed when you smile, which contributes to good health and a stronger immune system.
微笑確實(shí)可以改善你的身體健康。當(dāng)你微笑時(shí)，身體會(huì)更放松，這有助于保持身體健康和增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)。

In addition to making you look more attractive, successful and approachable, smiling may also protect you from the common cold. According to recent data, smiling can help boost the immune system by decreasing stress levels, which in turn increases white blood cell count and releases beneficial antibodies that help fight infection and disease.
微笑不僅能讓你看起來更有吸引力、更成功、更平易近人，還能讓你免受感冒的困擾。根據(jù)最新數(shù)據(jù)，微笑可以通過緩解壓力來增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)，增加白細(xì)胞數(shù)量，釋放有益抗體，幫助你對(duì)抗各類感染和疾病。

Smiling is contagious.
微笑是會(huì)傳染的。

It is rare to smile when reading a funny passage from a book on our own, but when that same passage is read out loud to us, or even if other people are in the room, most people are likely to smile then. Have you ever been around someone who seemed to be smiling all the time? Chances are, you found yourself smiling as well. This is because smiling is incredibly contagious. Research suggests that happy people influence the people closest to them and provide a boost of good energy. So, next time you're feeling down, seek out your happiest friend and let the smiles begin.
當(dāng)我們獨(dú)自讀到書中有趣的段落時(shí)很少會(huì)笑，但如果有人對(duì)我們大聲朗讀相同的段落，或者有其他人也在房間里，大多數(shù)人可能都會(huì)笑出來。你周圍是否有總是面帶微笑的人？你很可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己也在微笑。這是因?yàn)槲⑿哂胁豢伤甲h的傳染性。研究表明，快樂的人會(huì)影響最親近的人，給他們帶來滿滿的活力。所以，下次當(dāng)你情緒低落的時(shí)候，找一個(gè)最快樂的朋友一起微笑吧。

According to science, neurons in the brain have a synchronizing feature that keeps you in sync with people you're talking to. If they smile, you'll smile. In a study that was conducted in Sweden, researchers found that people found it really difficult to frown, when they were looking at other people who were smiling and they couldn't help smiling themselves.
據(jù)科學(xué)研究，大腦中的神經(jīng)元有同步功能，可以讓你與你的談話對(duì)象保持同步。如果他們微笑，你也會(huì)微笑。在瑞典進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們看到其他人在微笑時(shí)，他們很難皺起眉頭，并且自己也會(huì)忍不住要笑。

Women smile more often than men.
女性比男性更常微笑。

Studies have found that women smile more often than men but the difference disappears when men and women occupy similar social or business roles. Many scientists interpret these results to indicate that gender roles are fluid and that both men and women act differently depending upon their social or business environment.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性比男性更常微笑，但當(dāng)他們擔(dān)任相似的社會(huì)或商業(yè)角色時(shí)，這種差異就消失了。很多科學(xué)家將這樣的結(jié)果解釋為性別角色是可變的，男性和女性的行為取決于他們所在的社會(huì)或商業(yè)環(huán)境。

* 社會(huì)文化模型中性別角色（Gender Roles）是一個(gè)很重要的概念，性別角色指一個(gè)特定社會(huì)中被認(rèn)為恰當(dāng)?shù)哪行院团缘男袨槟Ｊ?，這些模式表現(xiàn)出最基本的男性和女性差異。

Boy babies, though, do smile less than girl babies, who also make more eye contact.
然而，男嬰比女嬰笑得少，女嬰也會(huì)有更多的眼神交流。

看完這篇文章，是不是沒想到微笑背后竟然有這么多秘密？在這個(gè)特別的日子里，讓我們對(duì)身邊的人露出最真誠的微笑吧！

編輯：周子琪
來源：外研社Unipus
審校：董靜 丹妮