你該為你的退休制定一個(gè)儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃了

你該為你的退休制定一個(gè)儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃了

"You have to actively do things to build your wealth," says The Washington Post'spersonal finance columnist, Michelle Singletary.

《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的個(gè)人理財(cái)專欄作家米歇爾·辛格塔里說:“你必須積極做事來積累財(cái)富。”

"It's not like you go get a lotto ticket and you become rich instantly. Wealth doesn't happen that way," she says.

“這并不是說你得到了一張樂透彩票，就能立刻變得富有。財(cái)富不是這樣產(chǎn)生的，”她說。

Luckily, learning a few key basics can put you on a path to a nice retirement fund. If you're lucky enough to be working and saving extra cash during COVID-19, right now could be a really good time to get started. But no matter how COVID-19 has affected your job or finances, these are good tips to remember.

幸運(yùn)的是，學(xué)習(xí)一些關(guān)鍵的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)可以讓你獲得一筆不錯(cuò)的退休基金。如果你足夠幸運(yùn)，能在COVID-19期間工作并攢下額外的錢，那么現(xiàn)在就是開始行動(dòng)的好時(shí)機(jī)。但無論COVID-19如何影響你的工作或財(cái)務(wù)狀況，這些都是要記住的好建議。

Start saving as early as you can

盡早開始存錢

If you're young, here's the secret to building a good retirement fund:

如果你還年輕，這里有一個(gè)建立良好退休基金的秘訣:

"You're young. That is your advantage. That is your secret stock," she says. The longer you have to save and invest, the more likely you are to reach your goal.

“你還年輕。這就是你的優(yōu)勢。這就是你的儲(chǔ)蓄秘訣，”她說。你儲(chǔ)蓄和投資的時(shí)間越長，你就越有可能達(dá)到你的目標(biāo)。

When you start investing your retirement savings early, you can take special advantage of compound interest — you're reinvesting all the interest you earn, to get interest on interest.

當(dāng)你早早開始投資你的退休儲(chǔ)蓄時(shí)，你可以利用復(fù)利的特殊優(yōu)勢——你把賺到的所有利息再投資，得到利息上的利息。

The stock market goes up and down, but over long periods of time, it tends to give you about a 7% return on your investment each year. That means your contribution to your retirement fund grows without you doing any extra work.

股市有漲有跌，但長期來看，你的投資每年會(huì)有7%的回報(bào)率。這意味著你在不做任何額外工作的情況下，你對(duì)退休基金的貢獻(xiàn)就會(huì)增加。

Here's the real magic of compound interest: let's say in your early 20s, you scrape together a couple hundred dollars to save for your retirement out of each paycheck. By the time you turned 30, you'll have saved around $50,000.

復(fù)利的真正神奇之處在于:假設(shè)在你20歲出頭的時(shí)候，你從每次薪水中積攢了幾百美元以備退休之用。到你30歲的時(shí)候，你已經(jīng)存了大約5萬美元。

Thanks to compound interest, if it's growing at 7% a year, that money doubles by the time you're 40 years old. It doubles again and again with each decade, so by the time you're 70 and ready to retire — there's $800,000 waiting for you. You'd probably be saving a lot along the way, too — but it's the money you start investing when you're young that has the time to really grow.

多虧了復(fù)利，如果它以每年7%的速度增長，那么到你40歲的時(shí)候，這筆錢就會(huì)翻倍。每十年就會(huì)翻一番，所以當(dāng)你70歲準(zhǔn)備退休時(shí)，有80萬美元在等著你。在這個(gè)過程中，你可能也會(huì)省下很多錢——但只有你在年輕時(shí)開始投資的錢才有時(shí)間真正地增長。

Set a goal

設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)

Aim to save 15% of your gross income each year for retirement, Singletary says. She knows that can be a lofty goal, though, depending on how much you make and whether, say, you're single and living with your parents, or just becoming a young parent yourself and buying your first house. Either way, start saving something.

辛格塔里說，目標(biāo)是每年將總收入的15%存起來，以備退休之用。她知道這可能是一個(gè)崇高的目標(biāo)，不過，這取決于你掙多少錢，以及你是否單身并和父母住在一起，或者你自己剛剛成為年輕的父母并買了自己的第一套房子。不管怎樣，開始存錢吧。

"Maybe starting out, you can only do five percent — then the next year, see if you can push it to six....But try to reach that 15% goal as soon as you possibly can," she recommends.

“也許一開始，你只能存5%，然后明年，看看能不能把它提高到6%……但要盡快達(dá)到存15%的目標(biāo)，”她建議。